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1、MODULE 6 Old and New 模块6 旧和新 The Three Gorges Dam三峡大坝“Walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain”“截断巫山云雨的石墙” Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds 毛泽东写过一首诗词，在这首词中，他表达了“更立西江石壁，and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorg es”. Now his dream has com
2、e 截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的理想。现在他的梦想实现了。true. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the worlds third longest river, 长江，世界上的第三长河，has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam. 它的能量已被三峡大坝利用。 (1)hold back“阻挡”。例如：No one can the wheels of history.没有人能阻止历史的车轮。(2)rise“上升；升起”。注意rise和raise的区别：rise是不及物动词,常指日、月、云、物价、温度、河
3、水等上升。raise是及物动词,表示“举起；提出；饲养”,作“举起”时往往有使物体达到一定高度的含义,可用于抽象或具体事物。come true“实现”，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。realize表示“实现”时是及物动词，可根据情况用被动语态。 The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since 建设三峡大坝是为了控制洪水并为华中地区提供水利电能，the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to
4、 control flooding 它是中国自建设长城and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China. The dam is nearly 和大运河以来最大的建设工程。200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station 大坝近200米高，1.5公里宽。它是世界上最大的水力发电站和水坝， and dam in the world and has cost more than any other
5、 construction project in history.其花费超过历史上的其他建设工程。 Sun Yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea 早在1919年，领导了辛亥革命的孙中山先生 of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of Chinas energy is produced 就首次提出要在长江修筑大坝的设想。中国四分之三的能量是by burning coal. In 1993, China u
6、sed 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and 由燃煤生产的。1993年，中国用于取暖和发电的煤为12亿吨。generating electricity. Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution 不过，燃煤会引起严重的空气污染 (1)since在此是介词，后接名词短语，前面句子的时态要用现在完成时。(2)which is the biggest是非限制性定语从句，修饰the Three Gorges Dam。(1)to control是动词不定式短语做目的状语，表示建大坝的目的。
7、(2)control“控制”，可做动词或名词，under control“在控制下”；out of control“失去控制”。(1)any other“任何其他一个”。英语中，在同一范围内进行比较时要把自身排除在外。例如：误：China is larger than any country in Asia. 正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.(2)in history“在历史上”，history前面不加the。(1)three quarters“三分之一”。a quarter“四分之一”；“一刻钟”。(2)by burning做
8、方式状语，意思为“通过手段”。for heating做定语，表示所修饰名词（coal）的用途。例如：Bamboo can be used for building. and increases global warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 并加剧全球变暖。大坝将要产生相当于40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.燃烧4,000万吨煤所产生的电量，却不会造成严重的空气污染。The reservoir has flooded 2 c
9、ities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more than 4,000 水库淹没了2个城市、11个县、140个乡镇和4,000多个村庄。villages. More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their 一百多万居民搬迁， homes. Now theyre living a happy new life in different areas. 他们现在在各地过着幸福的生活。 The Three Gorges area is one of the most beauti
10、ful areas of China and the project 三峡是中国最美丽的地区之一。由于大坝工程，has flooded some of Chinas most famous historical sites, including. the Qu Yuan 一些著名的历史遗迹被水淹没，Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings. About 800 historical relics 包括屈原庙、汉瞭望塔和摩崖石刻。大约800个历史遗迹淹没在 have been submerged. Some of them ar
11、e being removed and some are being put into Museums水中，其中有些被搬到其他地方，有些收藏在博物馆里。 cause vt.“引起”。cause damage“引起损害”。例如：Millions of pounds worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.(2004重庆卷)昨晚席卷英国北部的暴风雨引起了几百万英磅的损失。(1)equal to是形容词短语做定语。(2)without doing“不会做”，without是介词，后接动
12、词的-ing形式。more than“超过”，常和数词连用，在意思上相当于over。live a happy life“过着幸福的生活”。在该短语中life是可数名词，只能用单数形式。including prep.“包括”。常用在名词和代词前，在名词后要用included。例如：Ten people were killed in the accident, two children includedare being removed“正在搬迁”，是现在进行时的被动语态。The Empire State Building, New York帝国大厦 纽约 Most of the tallest
13、buildings in the world were built in the 1990s and in the 世界上大部分的高层建筑建于二十世纪九十年代和二十一世纪，twenty-first century, but the two tallest buildings in the US were built much earlier. 但是美国两座最高的大楼建得更早。In fact, the second tallestbuilding in the US is more than 75 years old!事实上，美国的第二高楼已有75年多的历史了！The Empire State
14、Building, which was the tallest building at the time， was 帝国大厦1931年5月竣工， finished in May 1931. It was the tallest building in the world untilthe World Trade 是当时最高的建筑物。在1972年纽约建世贸中心以前，Centre was built in New York in 1972. The World Trade Centre twin towers, which were 它是世界上最高的建筑物。destroyed in Septemb
15、er 2001, were 417 and 415 metres high. 世贸双塔高417和415米，于2001年9月被毁坏。 Facts about the Empire State Building: 有关帝国大厦的事实： Ten million bricks were used in the construction of the building.大楼的建设用了一千万块砖。in fact“事实上”，相当于as a matter of fact。例如：The winter of 1990 was extremely bad. most people say it was the worst winter of their lives.(2004浙江卷)1990的冬天很糟糕。事实上大多数人说那是他们一生中最糟糕的冬天。the second tallest building“第二高楼”。until可做介词和连词，在肯定句中表示“直到为止”；在否定句中表示“直到才”。它所构成的
