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1、初中英语语法专题复习之三大从句的考点分析宾语从句一、定义宾语从句是英语中名词性从句的一种，在主从复合句中充当宾语。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句的位置是在及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后二、连接词1.连词that- 用于引导名词性从句和形容词性从句2.连词whether- 用于引导选择疑问句或条件状语从句3.连词if- 用于引导条件状语从句4.连词as if- 用于引导虚拟语气的状语从句5.连词when- 用于引导时间状语从句6.连词where- 用于引导地点状语从句7.连词why- 用于引导原因状语从句8.连词how- 用于引导方式状语从句9.连词w
2、hat- 用于引导名词性从句10. 连词who- 用于引导名词性从句只用whether的情况：引导选择疑问句，询问某件事情是否发生或是否可能。例如:Whether you like it or not, you have to do it.(你喜欢也好，不喜欢也罢，你必须去做。)引导条件状语从句，表示“是否”的意思。例如:Whether we will go to the party or not depends on your feeling.(我们是否会去聚会取决于您的感觉。)三、时态宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态。如果主句的时态是现在时，宾语从句通常使用一般现在时;如果主句的时态是过去时
3、，宾语从句通常使用过去时;如果主句的时态是未来时，宾语从句通常使用将来时。例如:I will go to the store.(主句为将来时，宾语从句为将来时)She likes to eat pizza.(主句为现在时，宾语从句为一般现在时)He said he would meet us there.(主句为过去时，宾语从句为过去时).定语从句一、定义定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句，通常使用关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)引导。例如:The book, which I borrowed from the
4、library, is very interesting.The man, who is my friend, lives in New York.The house, which I saw on TV, looks beautiful.The boy, that I met at the park, is very nice.The dog, which was born yesterday, is very cute.The letter, which I sent to my brother, is important.The person, who you are talking t
5、o, is my teacher.The place, where we are now, is very beautiful.The thing, which I want to buy, is a new phone.The event, that I attended last week, was very exciting.二、先行词定语从句的先行词是指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。常见的定语从句引导词有:关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that- 用于引导限制性定语从句关系副词when, where, why和how- 用于引导非限制性定语从句关系代词whose
6、和which- 用于引导所有格形式的定语从句例如:The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为book)The man, who is my friend, lives in New York.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为man)The house, which I saw on TV, looks beautiful.(定语从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为house)The boy, that I met at the park, is very nice.(定语
7、从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为boy)The dog, which was born yesterday, is very cute.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为dog)The letter, which I sent to my brother, is important.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为letter)The person, who you are talking to, is my teacher.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为person)The place, where we are now, is very beautiful.(定语从句为非限制性
8、定语从句，先行词为place)The thing, which I want to buy, is a new phone.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为thing)The event, that I attended last week, was very exciting.(定语从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为event)关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况：先行词为定冠词或不定冠词时，只能用that。例如:The book, that I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.(定语从句为限制性定语从句，先行词为book)当先行
9、词为代词时，只能用that。例如:The man, that I saw at the park, is my friend.(定语从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为man)当先行词为专有名词时，只能用that。例如:The event, that I attended last week, was very exciting.(定语从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为event)状语从句状语从句是修饰主句的从句，通常用于表达时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等。状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句和条件状语从句。例如:时间状语从句:The play was very in
10、teresting, and it made us forget the time.(状语从句为时间状语从句)地点状语从句:I am going to the store, and Ill buy some groceries.(状语从句为地点状语从句)原因状语从句:I feel tired, and thats why I didnt go to work today.(状语从句为原因状语从句)方式状语从句:He is always late for work, and he never apologizes.(状语从句为方式状语从句)条件状语从句:If it rains tomorrow,
11、 we will have to reschedule the picnic.(状语从句为条件状语从句)各类状语从句引导词的选用上。根据搜索结果,有九个常考点:引导时间状语从句的从属连词:when, as, while, after, before, since, once, until, till, as soon as, every time/ each time, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly等。while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相呼应)，此外，while有
12、时还可以表示对比。The moment 一就 =as soon as , immediately,since,从句的谓语动词一般是短暂性动词，主句谓语动词则是延续性动词或反复发生的动作。since引导的从句时态为一般过去时，主句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时。before.常用于表示“还未就,不到就;才;趁;还没来得及就”等含义。as soon as possible,意为“尽快”，用于表示期望、要求尽快完成某项任务或活动。on time,意为“准时”，用于表示按照预定的时间完成任务或活动。in time,意为“及时”，用于表示在适当的时间内完成任务或活动。at a time,意为“一次”，用于表示一次完成某项任务或活动。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
