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1、2021年上海高三高考模拟英语试卷(第一辑-模拟与提高七)-学生用卷一、Gmammar and Vocabulary(本大题共20小题，每小题1 分，共 20分)1、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟(第一辑-模拟与提高七)第2130题 10分Signs of Life?In addition to Lake Vostok,scientists found a huge system of rivers and almost 400 lakes hiddenbelow the Antarctic ice.This could be the I(large)wetland in the worl
2、d,asmuch as one and a half times the size of the United States.While some scientists mapped out these hidden lakes on Earth,others were discovering ice-coveredenvironments elsewhere in the solar system.During the 1990 s,the Galileo spacecraft flew by the planetJupiter and its moons.It sent back phot
3、ographs 2(suggest)that an oceanexists below the surface of the ice-covered moon called Europa.3 time went on,more research provided new possibilities.Other moonsof Jupiter and Saturn seemed to be worlds 4 thick,icy shells surround largebodies of liquid water.Could life exist in such an extreme envir
4、onment?It certainly seems unlikely.As with the discovery ofLake Vostok,the clues for scientists seeking life pointed in unlikely*directions.Most life on Earthdepends on sunlight.5 could sunlight go through an ice cover thousands offeet deep?Living things also depend on nutrients 6(grow).Where wouldt
5、hese come from?Scientists wondered how nutrients could enter asystem 7(isolate)from the world above for millions of years.Whats more,they knew that any kind of life in this extreme environment would have to survive tons and tons ofpressure from the ice above.Yet,in the deep ocean,some life forms exi
6、st 8 sunlight.Their nutrientscome from the chemicals that rise through the ocean floor from deep inside the Earth.Thesecreatures 9(develop)qualities that allow them to grow under the weight oftons of water.Could living things with similar abilities exist in Antarcticas subglacial(冰川下的)wetland?Ifthey
7、 do,life 0 also be possible in the icy moons of the outer solar system.2、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（第一辑-模拟与提高七）第 3140题 10分第 1 页，共Machines That Think Predicts the Future of Artificial IntelligenceA-conversationalB.critical C.guessesD.highlightsE.identitiesF.impacts G.limitsH.optimisticI.personalizesJ.proofK.r
8、elianceMovies and other media are full of mixed messages about the risks and rewards of building machineswith minds of their own.While some tech titans（巨头）such as Elon Musk warn of the threats artificialintelligence presents,others,including Mark Zuckerberg,are more 1.AI researcher Toby Walshs Machi
9、nes That Think is for anyone who has heard the hype（过度宣传）and is seeking a（n）2 assessment of what the technology can doandwhat it might do in the future.Walshs 3 style is welcoming to nonexpertswhile his endnotes point readers to opportunities for deeper dives into specific aspects of ALWalsh begins
10、with a history of AI,from Aristotles foundation of formal logic to modem facialrecognition systems.Excerpts（片段）from computer-composed poetry and tales of computers beatinghumans at strategy games are 4 of how far AI has come.But Walshalso 5 weaknesses,such as machine-learning 6 on so much data to ma
11、ster a single task.This 30,OOO-foot view of AI research packs a lot of history,as well as philosophical and technicalexplanation.Walsh 7 the account with his own programming experiences,AIin daily lifelike his daughters use of Siriand his absolute love of humour.Later in the book,Walsh makes 8 about
12、 technical barriers that mayrestrict further AI development and legal 9 that society may want to impose.He also explores the societal impact that increasingly intelligent computers may have.In fact,Walsh argues,all aspects of Als future 10 are in our hands.*Artificial intelligence can lead us down m
13、any different paths,some good and some bad,nhe writes.Society must choose which path to take.”二、Reading Comprehension（本大题共 30 小题，共 45 分）3、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（第一辑-模拟与提高七）第 4155题 15分第 2 页，共You and many of your friends have cellphones.But your school has arule 1 cellphone use in the classroom.Do you and
14、your classmates agree withthat policy?The best way to find out is to ask the question of everyone in your class.You mightdiscover,2,that 21 students think the school should allow cellphone use,and9 say it is not a good idea.Its pretty easy to get a(n)3 answer when youre dealing with just 30people.It
15、s a little trickier if you want the opinion of all the students in your school一and much,muchharder if you want the opinion of 10 million middle schoolers.It*s just not 4 toask everyone and collect all the answers.Can you 5 the opinion of a lot of people by asking just a few?Yes,experts say,but you h
16、ave to be careful,and the results give you only a rough idea of the answer.Suppose you ask the question of 1,000 students,selected at random from among 10 million middleschoolers.You might find that 65 percent favor cellphone use in the classroom.The math behind suchpolling(民意测验)suggests hat,with a 6 of 1,000,the result has a marginof error of about 3 percent.7,if you were to conduct the poll over and overagain,with a new group of 1,000 students each time,the result of each poll would lie somewh
