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1、Component gas:Each gas in the mixture of ideal gasesPartial pressure:The pressure generated when component gas B occupies the same volume as the mixed gas at the same temperature.1.2.1 Partial pressure law of gases1.2 Gaseous mixture 1.2 Gaseous mixture 1.2.1 Partial pressure law of gasesAn ideal ga
2、seous mixture:Several gases are in the same container,there is no chemical reaction among each other;the molecular volume and the interaction among molecules could be negligible;The temperature and pressure of each component gas before and after mixing remain unchanged;each component gas fills the e
3、ntire space evenly.Partial pressure:The pressure exerted by the component gas in the mixed gases,which is equal to the pressure generated when the this component gas alone occupies the same volume as the mixed gas at the same temperature.The law of partial pressure of mixed gasesMixed gases:which is
4、 composed of two or more gases that do not react with each other.Component gas:each gas in the mixed gasesIf the total amount of mixed gases is marked as n;the amount of each component gas is marked as nifor two-component gas at the same temperature and volumepA+pBnAnBnA+nBpApB pB nBRT/V pA nART/Vp总
5、总 pA +pB1.Daltons law of partial pressure of ideal gas n=n1+n2+For multi-component systems pi niRT/V总总When the temperature and volume are constant,the total pressure of the mixed gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gas.Partial pressure of a certain component gas is eq
6、ual to the pressure shown when this component gas alone occupies the total volume at the same temperature.Daltons law of partial pressure(1801,DaltonTotalIn essence,the gas pressure is the result of gas molecules striking the wall of the container device.The total pressure(PT)of the mixed gas is equ
7、al to the sum of the partial pressures(Pi)of the various component gases.The experimental conditions:(1)No reaction among the various component gases(2)An ideal gas state(3)Operated temperature remains unchangeThe ideal gas state equation is suitable to both single gas and mixed gases:(3)n ni i/n nT
8、 T:the mole fraction of a certain gas in the mixed gasFormula(3)shows the relationship between the partial pressure and the component of the mixed gasRegarding the application of the law of partial pressureAs described in above Scheme,at 100Kpa and 20 oC,28.4 cm3 of hydrogen was collected from water
9、-contained system through the drainage and gas collection method.How much are pure hydrogen obtained?(the saturated vapor pressure of water is equals to 2.33kpa)Solve:P H2=P total-P H2O=100-2.33=97.7 kPaAfter sampling and analyzing the mixture containing ammonia,oxygen,nitrogen and other gases in a
10、container,it can be known that the amount of ammonia gas is equal to 0.32 moles,the amount of oxygen is 0.18 moles and the amount of nitrogen is 0.7 moles.The total pressure of the mixed gas is 133 kPa.How much is the partial pressure of the each gas?Solve：n=n(NH3)+n(O2)+n(N2)=1.200mol=0.320mol+0.180mol+0.700mol
