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1、 专题08 情态动词与虚拟语气(2010安徽T32)Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been【答案】D【解析】句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。(2010安徽T26)Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A.
2、 was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy【答案】A【解析】前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。(2010湖南T23)You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to【答案】D【解析】dont have to 意为 “没有必要”, 符合语境, 句意为：“你没有必要买礼物, 但如果你想买的话, 你也可以买。”(2010湖南T29)If he my advice, he
3、 wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow【答案】C【解析】根据 “wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。(2010江西T23)I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will【答案】A【解析】must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了
4、, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？(2010山东T25)I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt【答案】A【解析】句意应为 “我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示 “本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。(2010天津T9)Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, h
5、e arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt【答案】A【解析】句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后, 他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境, 提前半个小时到达, 说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙, 所以用neednt have done 结构, 表示 “本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。(2010天津T15)John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B
6、. tells C. told D. had told 【答案】D【解析】句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。(2010四川T3) I take the book out? Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need【答案】B【解析】表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为： “我可以将这本书带出
7、去吗？” “恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。(2010全国卷IT29)Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether【答案】A【解析】句意：耐心一点儿, 你不能期望世界变化如此快。通过选项此题考查情态动词, cant在否定句中可以表示推测, 译为不可能,可以表示能力, 译为不能够, 也可以表示命令, 不允许, 但是语气比mustnt弱, 具有劝慰的意思, 根据句意此题中选择A, cant表示劝慰。(2010江苏T25)I
8、 havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_【答案】B【解析】shall在第二人称中表示允诺, 还可以表示强制, 命令, 威胁, 警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。(2010江苏T34)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather h
9、e_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused【答案】B【解析】would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式(2010陕西T23)May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt【答案】D【解析】英语中用could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句中, 肯定性应答要用can或may来
10、代替could或might, 而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt, 故本题选D。(2010陕西T15)If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken【答案】B【解析】所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。(2010全国卷IIT17)Im afraid M
11、r. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt【答案】A【解析】结合语境, 根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时, 要用cant。(2010湖北T79)Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)【答案】cant/ couldnt have done it【解析】当要对过去进行肯定的推测时, 要
12、用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的结构(2010湖北T76)Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)【答案】(should) be discussed【解析】“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟, 从句结构是“should”（可省略）加动词原形, 主语“problem” 是要 “被讨论”。(2010辽宁T26)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be
13、regular exercise.A. can B. will C. must D. may【答案】C【解析】句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要, 但是必须是有规律的锻炼。Can一般表示 “可能, 或能力”；will表示 “意志”；may表示 “许可, 可能”；must表示 “必须”。(2010北京T23)-Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. -Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D.
14、 can【答案】B【解析】第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约, 那下面的人就回应说, 那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了因此排除A, C, D(2010北京T34)-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died 【答案】D【解析】第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了, 现在的情况就好的多了！
