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1、2022年四川省攀枝花市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:_ 班级:_ 姓名:_ 考号:_一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.To save energy for an unexpected situation, your body stores an accumulation of _.2. Visa will introduce a new wave and pay card in London for purchases _.A.under $25 B.under 10 C.abroad D.in t
2、raveling3.Mr. Bailey, the monkey artist, prefers to finish its drawing with the help of others.A.Y B.N C.NG4.Newtons second law of motion says force equals _, multiplied by the change in speed it produces in an object.5.The results of census have always been the compromise of certain groups of inter
3、est.A.Y B.N C.NG6.The emergence of local share markets outside London was promoted by_.7. Because short messaging service is a kind of data communication, second generation wireless cannot support it.8.The man went into the garden-room to get something to eat.A.Y B.N C.NG9.The Roman Empire did not a
4、llow tree cutting in Europe during its reign.A.Y B.N C.NG10.Trust Me, Im a RobotWith robots now emerging from their industrial cages and moving into homes and workplaces, roboticists are concerned about the safety implications beyond the factory floor. To address these concerns, leading robot expert
5、s have come together to try to find ways to prevent robots from harming people. Inspired by the Pugwash Conferencesan international group of scientists, academies and activists founded in 1957 to campaign for the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons the new group of robo-ethicists met earlier this y
6、ear in Genoa, Italy, and announced their initial findings in March at the European Robotics Symposium in Palermo, Sicily.Security and safety are the big concerns, says Henrik Christensen, chairman of the European Robotics Network at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. Should robo
7、ts that are strong enough or heavy enough to crush people be allowed into homes? Is system malfunction a justifiable defence for a robotic fighter plane that contravenes (违反) the Geneva Convention and mistakenly fires on innocent civilians?These questions may seem hard to understand but in the next
8、few years they will become increasingly relevant, says Dr. Christensen. According to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europes World Robotics Survey, in 2002 the number of domestic and service robots more than tripled, nearly surpassing their industrial counterparts. By the end of 2003 ther
9、e were more than 600,000 robot vacuum cleaners and lawn mowersa figure predicted to rise to more than 4m by the end of next year. Japanese industrial firms are racing to build humanoid robots to act as domestic helpers for the elderly, and South Korea has set a goal that 100% of house holds should h
10、ave domestic robots by 2020. In light of all this, it is crucial that we start to think about safety guidelines now, says Dr. Christensen.Stop right thereSo what exactly is being done to protect us from these mechanical menaces? Not enough, says Blay Whitby. This is hardly surprising given that the
11、field of safety-critical computing is barely a decade old, he says. But things are changing, and researchers are increasingly taking an interest in trying to make robots safer. One approach, which .sounds simple enough, is try to pro gram them to avoid contact with people altogether. But this is muc
12、h harder than it sounds. Get ting a robot to navigate across a cluttered room is difficult enough without having to take into account what its various limbs or appendages might bump into along the way.Regulating the behaviour of robots is going to become more difficult in the future, since they will
13、 increasingly have self-learning mechanisms built into them, says Gianmarco Veruggio. As a result, their behaviour will become impossible to predict fully, he says, since they will not be behaving in predefined ways but will learn new behaviour as they go.Then there is the question of unpredictable
14、failures. What happens if a robots motors stop working, or it suffers a system failure just as it is performing heart surgery or handing you a cup of hot coffee? You can, of course, build in redundancy by adding backup systems, says Hirochika Inoue. But this guarantees nothing, he says. One hundred
15、per cent safety is impossible through technology, says Dr. Inoue. This is because ultimately no matter how thorough you are, you can not anticipate the unpredictable nature of human behaviour, he says. Or to put it another way, no matter how sophisticated your robot is at avoiding people, people mig
16、ht not always manage to avoid it, and could end up tripping over it and falling down the stairs.Legal problemsIn any case, says Dr. Inoue, the laws really just summarize commonsense principles that are already applied to the design of most modern appliances, both domestic and industrA.The non-proliferation of nuclear w
