2022高考英语阅读理解不同体 裁阅读方法记叙文英语阅读理解不同体裁阅读方法记叙文不同体裁的文章，作者的写作手法不同， 表达的方式千差万别体裁不同，要求使用的 阅读方法也不一样因此，掌握不同体裁的文 章的阅读方法有助于我们提高阅读效率、加深 对文章的理解、提高阅读速度下面分别谈谈 记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文的阅读方法 和技巧第一节 记叙文的阅读方法记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来 事情的经过简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事， 包括人物或故事情节常见的记叙文根据其用 途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙 文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传 奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文 以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、 日记等无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人 何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这 也就是我们常说的5Ws and 1H这是我们在阅 读记叙文时要首先了解的，接着按照线索弄清 事情的来龙去脉，就能理解整个故事特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会 采用倒叙的方法，即不按照事情开展的先后顺 序来表达，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事 件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经 过。
阅读时要学会从事情本身的开展去理解故 事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置另外，讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论，或说明某一概念，或赞美某种美德，或 谴责某种罪恶等等我们在阅读时要通过作者 的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意 图，对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注概括起来一句话：读记叙文的关键是抓情节抓住了故事情节，就理解了文章的脉络, 其他的就迎刃而解了下面请阅读一篇记叙文，看看你能不能抓 住故事的主要情节05浙江卷A篇〕Compassion is a desire within us to help ot hers ・ With effor t, we can translate compassion into action ・ An experience last weekend showed me this is true ・ I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly ・ These old people are our main customers, and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness ・ But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson ・ This untidy man walked up to my register（收款机）with a box of biscuits ・ He said he was out of cash（现金），had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards ・ He asked if we could let him have the food on trust ・ He promised to repay me the next day.I couldnt help staring at him ・ I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way. I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world ・ I told him that I was sorry, but store rules did nt allow me to do s o ・ I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job・Just then, onother man, standing behind the first, spoke up. If anything, he looked more pitiable・ Charge it to me, was all he said・What I had bee n feeling was pity ・ Pity is soft and safe and easy ・ Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action ・ I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either・ Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself・ I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion・解析：故事采用顺叙的叙事方法，主要情 节开展女口下： One aged gentleman begged me to have the food on trust and promised to repay the next day. I told him thestore rules didnt allow me to do so. Another man wanted me to charge the food to him. 1 paid for the biscuits myself.作者用第一人称讲述自己亲身经历的 这段故事，让人觉得亲切可信，同时也增强了 文章的感染力。
作者说自己通过这段故事学会 了 compassion〔同情），事实上也是在号召读 者多伸出同情之手，共建和谐社会抓住了故事的情节，了解了作者的写作意 图再来做理解题，就容易多了请看看下面 几道理解题：41 ・ The aged gentleman who wan ted to buy the biscuits ・A. promised to obey the store rulesB・ forgot to take any money with himC・ hoped to have the food first and pay laterD ・ could not afford anything more expensive42 ・ Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?A. kind and lucky B・ poor and lonelyC・ friendly and helpful D・ hurt anddisappointed43 ・ The writer acted upon the store rules because ・A. he wanted to keep his present jobB ・ he felt no pityfor the oldgentlemanC・he consideredtheoldmandishonestD・heexpected someone else topayfor the oldman44 ・ What does the writer learn from his experience?A ・ Wealth is more important than anything else・B・ Helping others is easier said than done.C ・ Experience is better gained through practice・D・ Obeying the rules means more than compassion.（参考答案：CBAB）【实战演练练习十六】〔05天津卷C篇〕The house was quiet at 5 A ・ m. and Tims mother was asleep・ Only the sound of the big freezer broke the quiet・ Hed dream t of the cave last night? The purring （轻微颤抖声）of the freezer had been the sea ・Tim pulled on a sweater and put some apples into his schoolbag ・ It was too early for breakfast. Hed eat after hed been through the cave, sitting on the rocks and staring at the seA・He wished he had a proper pack・ His schoolbag wou 1 d have to do. What else? Sandwiches一 but his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches, shed want to know why he had to leave so early. He settled for some biscuits, and left a note stuck to the table.Gone to Michaels Back tonight ・ Tim ・The sky was high and soft and light outside, though the sun still wasnt up.Even the highway up the hill was quiet as he made his way down the street・ The wind from the sea was fresh and sweet・The sandhills still breathed hea t from yesterdays sun, though the top of the sand was cool. He ran down to the beach impatiently, but there was no one, just dry sand dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves.The light changed suddenly. The firstrays of sunlight stretched （延伸）acrossthe sea ・ The sun over the edge of theOver the first point. Tim glanced still empty・ The sunwas pushing its way world. 人人丄rock。