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1、 2022考博英语重点语法:同位语从句一个名词或代词后面有时跟一个名词或起名词作用的成分,对前者进一步说明,叫做同位语。在某些抽象名词后可以用that, whether, when等引导的从句作同位语,称为同位语从句。这些名词有:agreement全都意见assumption假定awareness意识belief看法conclusion结论conviction深信decision打算delusion错觉determination决心discovery发觉doubt疑心dream幻想evidence证据explanation解释fact事实feeling感觉guarantee保证guess猜想h
2、ope盼望idea观点knowledge熟悉likelihood可能性message信息mind想法news消息notion观念objection反对opinion观点possibility可能性prediction猜测probability可能性problem问题proof证据proposal建议proposition论点、主见question问题realization熟悉rumor传闻sign迹象truth事实theory理论thought想法二、构造(一)由that引导I have no doubtthat he will overcome all this difficulties.他
3、会克制一切困难,对此我并不感到疑心。【特殊提示】:同位语从句引导词that不行省略。(二)由whether引导The questionwhether we need more time to do the workhas not been decided.我们是否需要更多时间来做这项工作,这个问题还未打算。(三)由其他词引导的同位语从句I have not made up my mindwhat elective subjects I am to take next term.我还没有打算好下学期上哪些选修课。When you are about halfway through the sto
4、ry, try to make a guesshow the plot will develop.当你把故事读到一半时,猜想一下情节将如何进展。I haveno idea when I will be back from Shanghai.我不知道我什么时候从上海回来。(四) 同位语从句与被修饰名词的分割有时,为了保持句式的平衡,将同谓语从句与被修饰的名词分割,其间消失其他成分。Concernswere raisedthat witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty v
5、erdicts.人们日益担忧,证人可能会因此而受到鼓舞,在法庭上夸张事实以保证陪审团对被告做出有罪的判决。(这里先行词concerns与that同位语从句被谓语were raised隔开。)三、翻译方法同位语从句有以下五种翻译方法:可以直接翻译在所修饰词后面。放在所修饰的名词前面,充当定语。译成独立句子:先翻译主句,然后用“就是”或者“即”引导出同位语从句,或者把同位语从句译成独立的句子,由冒号或破折号引出。用代词指代:先把同位语从句中的内容翻译出来,在后面用“这”或“那”等代词复指它,参与句子主体的构成。译成宾语 :把同位语从句修饰的名词转译成动词,而把同位语从句译成宾语。【真题例句】Wha
6、t is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.【解析】句子可拆分为:What is harder to establish is /whether the productivity revolution /that businessmen assume /they are presiding over/ is for real.主句为What is harder to establish is
7、whether the productivity revolution is for real。主句包含两个从句成分:从句what is harder to establish做主语;whether the productivity revolution is for real作表语;that they are presiding over为定语从句修饰the productivity revolution;此定语从句中businessmen assume为主谓构造的插入语。以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导
8、的主语从句及表语从句在翻译的时候,一般可以根据英语原文挨次来翻译。【参考译文】难以确定的是,商界人士认为他们所主导的生产力革命是否真的存在。 .tableborder-left:1px #99CCFF solid;border-top:1px #99CCFF solid .table tdborder-right:1px #99CCFF solid; border-bottom:1px #99CCFF solid; text-align:center;FONT-SIZE: 12px; COLOR: #000000; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; FONT-FAMILY: ”微软雅黑” 2022通用考博英语最终三小时直播班 长难句破解考前点睛,考博作文临考押题 【点击购置】 2022通用考博翻译单项班 2022通用考博翻译单项班 【点击购置】 2022通用考博写作单项班 2022通用考博写作单项班 【点击购置】