《工程机械之装载机的英语翻译归类》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《工程机械之装载机的英语翻译归类（53页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、建筑工程 | 参考借鉴 工程机械之装载机的英语翻译Unit 8 Loaders装载机8.1 Overview概述8.1.1 Basic Concept .根本概念A loader is a type of construction equipment (engineering vehicle) machinery that is primarily used to load material into another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, rail-car, etc.).Loaders are used mainly for
2、 uploading materials into trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and digging. A loader is not the most efficient machine for digging as it cannot dig very deep below the level of its wheels, like a backhoe can. Their deep bucket can usually store about 3-6 cubic meters of earth. The front loaders buc
3、ket capacity is much bigger than a bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders are not classified as earthmoving machinery, as their primary purpose is other than earthmoving.装载机是一种主要用于向另一种机械自卸车、输送皮带、铁路运输车辆等“装载物料的建立机械工程车辆设备。装载机主要用于向卡车装载物料，以及铺设管道、清理碎石和挖土等工作。作为挖土作业装载机不是最有效的机械，与挖掘机不同，装载机不适用于轮胎支承面以下较深处
4、的挖掘作业。装载机的深底铲斗一般可装载36立方米的土壤。铲斗前置装载机的斗容量远大于挖掘装载机的斗容量。装载机不属于铲土运输机械，因其主要用途并非土方运输。Unlike most bulldozers, most loaders are wheeled and not tracked, although track loaders are common. They are successful where sharp edged materials in construction debris would damage rubber wheels, or where the ground is
5、 soft and muddy. Wheels provide better mobility and speed and do not damage paved roads as much as tracks, but provide less traction.尽管履带式装载机是普遍的，但与大多数推土机不同，大多数装载机是轮式的而并非履带式。履带式装载机适用于棱角锐利的建筑材料会破坏橡胶轮胎的场合，或者在松软泥泞道路上的作业。轮式装载机具有良好的机动性和较高的工作速度，并且不像履带那样破坏铺装路面，但其所能提供的牵引力较小。Unlike standard tractors fitted w
6、ith a front bucket, many large loaders do not use automotive steering mechanisms. Instead, they steer by a hydraulically actuated pivot point set exactly between the front and rear axles. This is referred to as articulated steering and allows the front axle to be solid, allowing it to carry greater
7、weight. Articulated steering provides better maneuverability for a given wheelbase. Since the front wheels and attachment rotate on the same axis, the operator is able to steer his load in an arc after positioning the machine, which can be useful. 与安装前置铲斗的标准拖拉机不同，许多大型装载机不使用汽车转向机构。取而代之，它们通过液压驱动的安装于前、
8、后桥之间的转向铰接装置转向。这种转向称为“铰接转向，它可使前桥固定，并使其承受更大的重量。对于一定的轴距铰接转向提供了较好的机动性。由于前轮与工作装置绕同一车轴旋转，驾驶员在使机械定位后可使铲斗沿弧线“转向，这一点是实用的。The loader assembly may be a removable attachment or permanently mounted. Often the bucket can be replaced with other devices or tools-for example, many can mount forks to lift heavy palle
9、ts or shipping containers, and a hydraulically-opening clamshell bucket allows a loader to act as a light dozer or scraper.装载机的工作装置可以是更换式的或者是固定安装。铲斗常常可用其它装置或工具更换，例如，许多装载机可以安装叉车工装提升重型货物或者装运集装箱，装备液压开启式“蛤壳型铲斗可以使装载机像推土机或铲运机一样作业。In construction areas loaders are also used to transport building materials
10、- such as bricks, pipe, metal bars, and digging tools - over short distances.Loaders are also used for snow removal, using their bucket or a snowbasket, but usually using a snowplow attachment. They clear snow from streets, highways and parking lots. They sometimes load snow into dump trucks for tra
11、nsport.在各种建筑工地上装载机也经常用来近距离转运建筑材料，例如砖块、管材、钢筋、各种挖掘工具等。借助铲斗或除雪铲，装载机也用于除雪作业，但通常使用除雪装置。它们用来去除街道、公路和停车场上的积雪。有时用装载机将积雪装载到自卸车上进展运输。Front loaders gained popularity during the last two decades, especially in urban engineering projects and small earthmoving works. Many engineering vehicle manufacturers offer a
12、 wide range of loaders, the most notable are those of John Deere, Caterpillar, Case, Volvo, Komatsu and Liebherr.近20年来，特别是在城市建立工程和小型土方运输工程中，装载机获得了普遍的应用。许多工程车辆制造商可生产多种类型的装载机，其中最知名的有约翰迪尔、卡特彼勒、凯斯、沃尔沃、小松和利勃海尔等品牌。8.1.2 Applications应用 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121. loading materials装载材料；2. earthmoving铲土运输；3
13、. forestry engineering林业工程；4. snow removing除雪作业；5. underground work井下作业；6. loading and unloading装卸货物；7. pipe laying铺设管道；8. maintain pavement维修路面；9. land clearing场地清理；10. garden work园林工作；11. rolling compaction碾压路面；12. tunnel construction隧道作业8.1.3 Types类型 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 101. mini type loader微型装载机；2.
14、small type wheel loader小型轮式装载机；3.medium type wheel loader中型轮式装载机；4.large type wheel loader大型轮式装载机；5. track-type loader履带式装载机；6. skid steer loader滑移转向装载机；7. underground mining loader井下作业装载机；8. multi terrain loader多功能装载机；9. wheel backhoe loader轮式挖掘装载机；10. side dumping loader侧卸式装载机8.2 Components and Features组成与特点8.2.1 Components组成8.2.1.1 Basic Components根本部件1. bucket铲斗；2. front axle前桥；3.instrumentation console仪表盘；4. cab and operating system驾驶室及操作系统；5.engine and transmission system发动机及传动系统；6. engine hood发动机罩；7. counterweight配重；8. rear axle后桥；
