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1、How to Write a ConclusionWhat is a ConclusionwAconclusionisananswercreatedfromthehypothesis,andsumsupthehypothesis.wConclusionsalwaysareputattheendofawritingpiece.Theystatewhathasbeenprovenandwhathasbeenlearned.Purposes of a Conclusionuwrapthingsupandendyouressay,wevaluatesthesignificanceofthepaper,
2、wreemphasizesthemainpoints,wpredictsanoutcome,woffersasolution,orsuggestsafurtherstudy.A Conclusion should include wArestatementofyoursubject,yourthesis,hypothesis,orwhatcanbecalledthecentralmissionofyourstudy.wApresentationofyourfindings,asummary.Becarefultoavoidmakingachapterbychapterlistofthecont
3、entsofyourmaintext.Itshouldsoundlikeadiscussion.A conclusion should include3.Discussandinterpretfindings.Giveanswers.Drawinferencesfromyourstudyanddiscusstherelevanceofyourdata.4.Pointtoareasoffurtherresearch.Nodoubtwhileyouwereresearchingyourtopic,insomeareas,youfoundmorequestionsthananswers.A conc
4、lusion should include5.Gracefulexit.Makesureyourendinghasasending.Thefinaltwoorthreeparagraphsareasimportantasanyothers.Youcouldtalkabouttheoverallsignificanceofthestudy,ofthesubjectingeneral,andhowitisimportanttoknowaboutit.Makethereaderfeelthatithasbeenworthhisorhertimetoreadthispaperandthatthewor
5、ldwillbeabetterplacewithyouinitasanacademic.The ConclusionRemindyourreaderwhyyouhavebeenwritingthisessay!ItsbeenalongwhilesinceyourTopicSentence!So,rephraseyourTopicSentence.Finally: broaden your focus!Moveawayfromexamples,quotesandanalysisandmakesomegeneralconclusions:Discusswhatyouthinkwastheautho
6、rspurposeDescribeyourpersonalreactionsorthoughtsConnectittolifeinthe21stcenturyYour conclusion should NOT include:wNewideasorfacts,wAnyfootnotes.wAnnouncementofwhatyouhavedone(i.e.InthispaperIhaveexplained.)Sample Conclusion:Macbethstartedoffasaheroandendedupahatedtyrant.Suchpower-hungrypeoplearesti
7、llaroundtodayandcontinuetocausegreatinstabilityinsociety.Thatiswhywecontinuetohavepoliticalunrestandwarsandwehearaboutthemdailyinthenews.Sadly,Shakespearehasshownusthatselfish,nakedambitionisoneofhumanitystimelessvices.Suggestions1. Answer the question So What?wShowyourreaderswhythispaperwasimportan
8、t.Showthemthatyourpaperwasmeaningfulanduseful.Suggestions2. Synthesize, dont summarizeuDontsimplyrepeatthingsthatwereinyourpaper.Theyhavereadit.uShowthemhowthepointsyoumadeandthesupportandexamplesyouusedwerenotrandom,butfittogether.Suggestions3. Redirect your readersuGiveyourreadersomethingtothinkab
9、out,perhapsawaytouseyourpaperintherealworld.uIfyourintroductionwentfromgeneraltospecific,makeyourconclusiongofromspecifictogeneral.uThinkglobally.Suggestions4. Echoing the introduction: wEchoingyourintroductioncanbeagoodstrategyifitismeanttobringthereaderfull-circle.Suggestions5. Looking to the futu
10、re:wLookingtothefuturecanemphasizetheimportanceofyourpaperorredirectthereadersthoughtprocess.wItmayhelpthemapplythenewinformationtotheirlivesorseethingsmoreglobally.Other SuggestionswKeepinmindthebalanceofyourassignment.Theconclusionshouldbeclearandrelativelybrief.wThereisno need to go over everythi
11、ng againthatyouhavealreadymentionedthiswouldbeunnecessarilyboringandtedious.wMakesurethatthe conclusion is based on what you have said beforeitisoftentemptingtogooffatatangentandtosaythingsthatarecompletelyunrelatedtothetopic.Bewaryofthis.IntroductoryParagraphMain Paragraph 1Main Paragraph 2Conclusi
12、onOther suggestionswTrynottomakeyouropiniontoopompousorauthoritarianusuallyyourviewpointwillbeobviousfromyourdiscussion,sothereisnoneedtoconcludewithstatementssuchas:Inconclusion,IthinkHamletisagreatplay.Allowyourenthusiasmforthetopictoshowinhowyoudiscussit.Other suggestionswBecarefulwithtenses.Inac
13、onclusion,youwillusuallywanttousethepresentperfect(e.g.Theaimofthisdissertationhasbeento.)followedbythesimplepast(Chapter1providedanoverviewof,etc.).Other suggestionswBeverycarefulaboutusingthewordconclusionanywhereotherthantheconclusionitself!Thiscanmisleadthereader.Ifyouusethewordconclusionseveraltimesinanessay,thereaderwillgiveuptryingtoworkoutwheretheconclusionreallyis.
