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1、人教版初中英语语法专题学习数词、冠词01基数词得写法和用法1)112得基数词是自力得单词,即:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight, nine,ten,eleven,twelve。2)1319得基数词以-teen开头。如:14fourteen但13,15,18较特殊,13thirteen,15fifteen,18eighteen。3)2090得整十位均以-ty开头。如:60sixty但20,30,40,50,80较特殊,20twenty,30thirty,40forty,50fifty,80eighty。4)十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”,如:2
2、8twenty-eight,96ninety-six。5)百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加“and”,如:148one hundred and forty-eight , 406four hundred and six。6)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前方即使有具体得数词,也不克不及在它们得后面加s,如:500five hundred7)示意“几十”得数词,单数形式可用来示意人得岁数或年代。如:He is in his forties. 他四十多岁。02序数词得写法和用法1)英语得序数词基本变法:基数词变序数词可以使用口诀巧
3、记:“一、二、三,特殊记,八往“t ”,九往“e”,“ve”要用“f”替,见“y”变成“i”和“e”,词尾加上“th”,若是碰到几十几,只变个位便可以。”变法如下:first,second,third,eighteighth,nineninth,fivefifth,twelvetwelfth,twentytwentieth,fortyfortieth,twenty-fivetwenty-fifth。其他情形均在基数词后加th。如:sixsixth,nineteennineteenth,hundredhundredth,thousandthousandth等。2)序数词前常常使用定冠词the,表
4、“递次”。如:第703the seven hundred and third, 第5480the five thousand four hundred and eightieth。但若是序数词不示意递次,而示意“又一个,别得一个”时,则不克不及用the,要用a.如:The third lesson is rather difficult. 第三课相当难。Try it a second time. 再试一下。3)序数词示意“名次”时,不一定冠词。 He was first. 他得了第一位。4)序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有单数形式。如:1/5one fifth;2/3 two thirds;4/7
5、 four sevenths;1/2 a half;1/4a quarter;3/4 three quarters;50% fifty hundredths (fifty percent)冠词01冠词概述冠词是虚词,本身不克不及单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词得前方,协助指明名词得含义,用来限命名词得意义,起泛指或特指得作用。02不定冠词得局部用法1)示意某一小我或器械,但不具体申明何人或何物。如:There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地面。)2)示意某类人或事物,以区别于其他品种。如:A elephant is much stronger tha
6、n a man.(大年夜象比人健壮多了。)(不克不及译为:一头大年夜象比一小我健壮。)3)示意某类人或事物中得任何一个。如:He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教员。)A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr. Smith is a doctor.4)示意“一”这个数目。如:There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在哪个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)03定冠词得局部用法1)示意特指得人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand i
7、s Jack.(手上拿着一朵花得男人是杰克)2)指谈话双方都熟习得人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)3)上文提到过得人或事: He bought a book.Ive read the book.(他买了一本书。我看过那本书。)4)指世上独一物二得事物:the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth如:The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳扭转。)04零冠词得用法1)国名,人名、专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词前平日不必冠词,如:China is a very larg
8、e country.(中国是个大年夜国)Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水)2)泛指得单数名词,示意一类人或事物时,可不一定冠词;如:They are teachers.3)形象名词示意一般概念时,平日不加冠词;Failure is the mother of success.失落败乃成功之母。2)在时节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等示意时候得名词之前,不加冠词;如:We go to school from Monday to Friday.3)在三餐、球类运动和文娱运动得称号前,不加冠词,如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.我们在家吃早餐,在校吃午餐。The children play football on Saturday afternoons.孩子们星期六下昼踢足球。4)当by 与火车等交通东西连用中央无冠词;如:by bus,by train。