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1、阅读理解（专题）知识要点：1、了解中考阅读理解的文章体裁2、中考阅读理解题型分析与解题技巧 一、了解中考阅读理解的文章体裁中考阅读理解文章的体裁主要有四类：记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文。（1）记叙文叙述文一般以讲述个人生活经历为主，对于经历的陈述通常由一定的时间概念贯穿其中，或顺序或倒序。（2）说明文说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。（3）应用文应用文是人们在生活、学习、工作中为处理实际事物而写作，有着实用性特点，并形成惯用格式的文章。（4）议论文议论文是对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。二、中考阅读理解题
2、型分析与解题技巧一般来说，阅读理解题型设计，大致可以分为以下几种题型：A, 主旨大意型；B.细节理解型；C.词义猜测型；D.推理判断型A. 主旨大意题主旨大意题的常见的提问形式：1 .The best title for this passage may be .2. This is a passage about .3. What is the main idea of ihis passage?4. The passage mainly tells us about .5. The writer wrote the passage in order to .技巧解析：主旨大意题主要考查对文
3、章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。寻找主题句往往是做好此类题 的关键。因此，在做题时，要注意每段的主题句。抓住主题句，就不难确定文章的中心思想。寻找主题句的方法：1. 认真阅读文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句子。2. 文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。Example :（2017,厦门D篇）On May 5, 2017, Chinas home-made passenger aircraft （飞机）G919 completed its 90-minute first flight and landed safely back at Pudong Ai
4、rport in Shanghai.G919 is developed by COMAC, a Chinese aircraft company. It is designed to compete with Boeing 737 and Airbus A320. The first C919 aircraft can carry 168 passengers and is able to fly a distance between 4,075 and 5, 555 kilometers. It, s reported that a C919 costs around 50 million
5、dollars, less than half of a Boeing 737 or an Airbus A320. Up to now, more than 570 aircrafts have been ordered from 23 customers, mostly Chinese, but also American and Thai companies or airlines. COMAG aims to take one fifth of the worlds narrow-body aircraft market and one third of the Chinese mar
6、ket by 2035.The name G919 has its special meanings. The letter C stands fbr both COMACChina. The number 9 is pronounced as jiu in Chinese, which means fbrever. And the number 19 refers to its capacity （容量）of 190 passengers.The large passenger aircraft is praised as the flower of modem industry It is
7、 a symbol of the nations industrial and technological standards as well as the comprehensive （综合 0勺）power. In order to realize the century dream of flying in the sky and the strategy （战m各）of the nation, COMAC bears the nations drcam and peoples trust. China considers it as a national pride.65. The n
8、ews report is written mainly to.（）A. introduce the design of C919B. describe the first flight of C919C. explain the flower of modem industry”D. show Chinas achievements in aircraft industry（2017,厦门C篇）No one knows when the first kite was made. The first record of a kite was more than 2,000 years ago
9、in China. Han Xin, the leader of an army, wanted to bring down a king. He decided to dig a tunnel （除道）into the kings palace. He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length （长度）of its string （线）.ln this way, he could determine how long the tunnel should be.His men in the tunnel to
10、ok the kite string with them. When they reached the end of the string, they knew to dig up.Kites have been flown in Japan for hundreds of years. In the 1700s, kites were flown in autumn to give thanks for a good harvest. They were also flown to send good wishes to couples who had their first son. To
11、day in Japan, kites are often flown as part of a celebration, such as the beginning of a new year. And kite festivals are held each year in many parts of the country.Kites have been used for scientific purposes in the western world. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin tied a key to a kite and flew it in a st
12、orm to find out that lightening was a form of electricity. In the 1890s, Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight. From 1898 until 1933, the United States Weather Bureau （气象局） used box kites to collect weather data. The Wright brothers also experimented （试验）with kites. What
13、 they learnt helped them make the first airplane flight in 1903.60. What would be the best title for the text?（）A. The History of KitesB. The Experiments of KitesC. The Invention of a KiteD. The First Record of a KiteASchool life should be some of the best and happiest days of our lives.We shouldnt
14、waste this wonderful time. Dont say things are difficult and boring. Dont be too disappointed if things sometimes go badly. Dont let small p roblems seem very big. Be confident, go and play sports, work on a project, or help someone with problems. There are always a lot of things to do to relax your
15、self and make you happy.60. What can we learn from the passage? （）A. How to get high scores.B. How to be relaxed and happy.C. How to make friends with foreigners.B. 细节理解题细节理解题常用的设问方式：1 .Which of the following statement is true?2. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?3. Which of the fol
16、lowing is not the result of.?技巧解析：细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息进行提问的。这类题目一般可以直接或者间接在文中找到答案。做此类题的方法一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子,即关键词或关键句,再对相关的部分进 行细读，找出正确答案。特别要注意年代和数字、大写的人名和地名、比较级与最高级、以及表示因果的 词汇等。是非判断的题目一般出现在同一段落或相邻段落中,做题时需要仔细阅读某些段落。Example：D （2017,厦门）62. Which of the following is TRUE about the first C919 aircraft?（）A. It can carry 190 passengers at
