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1、Unit 2 How do you study for a test? Grammar Grammar 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为 对目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某 个行为来说明现在的某种情况。 We are good friends. (现在的情况） I knew him in 1997.（过去的动作） We have known each other since 1997. （现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在） She has been to Beijing. (现在已不在北京，从结果上和现在联系起来） She has been in Beijin
2、g for two years. （现在仍在北京，从时间上和现在联系起来） 现在完成时的三种基本用法： 1、未完成用法。表示动作或状态开 始于过去，一直延续到现在，可能继 续发展，也可能刚刚结束。 He has been in the army for ten years. I have studied English since 1980. He has lived here all his life. a. be, live, study 都是延续性动词。 b.常用的时间状语： since, for, in the past few years, so far, all his life.
3、 2、反复性用法，表示过去到现在这 段时间内反复发生的动作。 I have been to the city twice this week. I have often wondered where she gets her money all these days. 这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联 系。 3、完成性用法，表示动作或状态到说 话时已经完成，通常所产生的结果把 过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去了上海。 （结果：他已不在这儿） Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alic
4、e had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 使用现在完成时表示过去发生的“ 放”的动作对现在的影响，究竟金戒 指现在“在哪里”。 -Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be “(for) only a few minutes”说明 几分钟前来了这里，一直到现在。 -_ the sports
5、 meet might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D.I told “被告知”是过去的事，对现在的影响 是“我已知道”。 All the preparations for the task_, and were ready to start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed 过去的动作“完成了准备工作”，对 现在的影响是“现在已准备出发了
6、”。 ( )1. I havent seen Jane for a long time. Where is she? She _ to New York. A. went B. goes C. has gone 选择最佳选项。 C Practice ( )2. Who _ the dictionary? I want to use it. Zhang Ming. He _ it for a week. A. borrowed; borrowed B. borrowed; has kept C. borrows; borrowed B 按要求完成下列各句, 每空一词(含缩 写)。 3. He has already finished his homework. (改为否定句) He _ finished his homework _. 4. They have found the lost books already. (改为一般疑问句) _ they _ the lost books _? yethasnt Have found yet 5. Julia hasnt got home from school yet. (改为肯定句) Julia _ _ _ home from school. has already got
