Unit5GrammarEllipsis为了使语言简洁或避免重复,我们要怎样做呢?本单元我们将接触一种新的语法现象省略为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略省略可分为以下几种情况：GrammarEllipsis(省略）1)(You)Comein,please.2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.3)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.4)(I)Begyourpardon.简单句中的省略1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法1)(It)Soundsagoodidea.2)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?3)(Wouldyoulike)Somethingtodrink?4)(Youcome)Thisway,please.2.省略主语或谓语的一部分可以省略宾语的全部;可以省略作宾语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have3.省略宾语1)-DoyouknowMissHu?-Idontknow(her).2)Donttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).3)-Areyouateacher?-No,butIwanttobe(ateacher).4)-Hehasntfinishedthetask.-Well,heoughttohave(finishit).1)-Areyouthirsty?2)-Yes,Iam(thirsty).2)Hisbrotherisntlazy.Norishissister(lazy).4.省略表语1)-Areyoufeelingbetternow?-(Imfeeling)Better(now).2)-Whendidyoureadthenovel?-(Ireadit)Longago.3)Letsmeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.5.同时省略几个句子成分两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.3)Linsfatherwasnotathome,buthismotherwas(athome).并列句中的省略1)(Im)Sorrytohearthatyouareill.2)(Itsa)Pitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.主从复合句中的省略1.主句中有主语和谓语被省略Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略1.连词的that省略(1)宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个thatHesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.(2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略Thebook(that)Iborrowedyesterdaywashers.其他省略2.在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分1When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.2As(hewas)achild,helivedinIndia.3If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.4Though(heis)young,heknowsalot.3.不定式符号to的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.(3)介词but前若有动词do,后面不定式不带toTheboydidnothingbutplay.(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.(6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。
Shefoundhimtobedishonest.4.条件从句中有should,were或had时时,可以省略if,但要将should,were或had提至句首IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Nowitsyourturntofindoutwhathavebeenleftout.1.Haventseenyouforages.2.Somemoretea?3.Soundslikeagoodidea.Ihaventseenyouforages.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?That/Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Itdoesntmatter.Imsorrytohearthat. 4.Doesntmatter.5.Sorrytohearthat.6.Pityyoucouldntcome7.Thisway,please.Its / What a pity you couldntcome.Step/Comethisway,please.8.Terribleweather!9.Joiningusforadrink?10.Goingtothesupermarket?Whatterribleweatheritis!Areyoujoiningusforadrink?Areyougoingtothesupermarket?Choosethebestanswers.1)-Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwonthave_onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to2)-ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?-Yes.Itllbefineifyou_.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_A.dontwanttoB.dontwanttobeC.dontwantbeD.dontwant4)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall._.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbegladto5)-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,IwonthaveC.Yes,IwontD.Yes,Iwill6)-Iwontdoitanymore.-_?A.WhynotB.WhydontdoanymoreC.WhynotdoD.Whydont7)-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_.A.IdontthinkB.No,IdontthinkC.IdontthinksoD.No,Idontso8)-Haveyoufedthecat?-No,but_.A.ImB.IamC.ImjustgoingD.Imjustgoingto。