单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气,回顾历年真题,虚拟语气讲解,1,、,Its getting late.Id rather you _now.2011.61,题,A,、,leftB,、,leaveC,、,are leavingD,、,will leave,Would rather,后面接从句时，表示主语宁愿某人做某事，从句用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去式，表示希望注意区分,would rather,其它两个惯用句式：,would rather do,sth,.“,宁愿做某事”；,would rather dothan do“,宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,2.It is necessary that he _ the assignment without delay 2010.60,题,A.hand in B.hands in C.must hand in D.has to hand in,考查的是虚拟语气It+be+a.+that”,从句，,that,引导的主语从句谓语动词常用,should+,动词原形用于该句型的形容词有,necessary,good,important,，,right,，,wrong,better,natural,proper,funny,strange,surprising,等。
3,、,If there were no subjunctive mood,English_ much easier to learn.2009.52,题,A,、,could have seen B,、,would be C,、,will beD,、,would have been,本体表示与现在事实相反的假设表示与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去式，主句使用,should(would)+,动词原形A,项,could have been,是对过去事实的假设、与从句所表示的现在事实不符合；,C,项,wil,不用于虚拟语气中；,D,项是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气从句形式4.Had Judy been more careful on the,maths,exam,she _ much better results now.2008.52,题,A.Would be getting B.could have got C.must get D.Would get,条件句与过去事实相反，虽然主句的时间副词为,now,，但事实上该成绩已经出来，故用,could have got.,而不是,would get.,5.If only the patient_ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics,he might still be alive now.2007.54,题,A.had receivedB.received C.should receiveD.were,receving,if only,常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，主要用在虚拟语气中。
由于所提事实与过去事实相反，所以用过去完成时6.,If only I _ play the guitar as well as you!2007.52,题,A.wouldB.couldC.should D.might,考察虚拟语气中情态动词的用法If only,从意义和语法上都相当于,I wish,，后面的谓语动词用一般过去时表示目前的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望，用,would/could do,表示将来的期望A,项侧重人的意愿，,B,项指人的能力7.Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests._2006.54A.stoppedB.had to stopC.shall stopD.stop,Its(high)time(that),后面的从句谓语动词用一般过去式或,should+,动词原形，且,should,不可省略8._ you _ further problems with your printer,contact your dealer for advice.2005.63,题,A.If,had B.Have,hadC.Should,have D.in case,had,本句表示对现在和将来情况的虚拟：,Should you have further problems,其实是从,If you should have further problems,转化而来的哦，通常这类从句后面，主句的谓语用祈使语气或陈述语气。
In case“,万一，以防”，后面一般跟现在时或者,should+,动词原形9._ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?2004.54A.would you be surprisedB.Were you surprisedC.Had you been surprisedD.Would you have been surprised,错综非真实条件句在通常情况下，非真实条件句如果使用的过去完成式，主句通常用,would+,动词的过去完成式，表示对与过去事实相反的情况的遐想但在这句里，主从句用在了直接疑问句里，是说话者的现场提问，显然是询问被疑问者的当时感受，因此，采用,would+,动词现在时态10._ for the fact that she broke her leg,she might have passed the exam.2002.60 A.Had it not beenB.Hadnt it beenC.Was it not D.Were it not,might have passed,说明本句内容与过去事实相反，所以从句应该使用过去完成时。
Had it not been for,用于虚拟语气也表示要不是，要是没有，是,if it were not for,的倒装形式，但主句内容应与现在或将来事实相反，如：,Were it not for him,you wouldnt get anywhere.,虚拟语气,1.,主从句谓语动词的时态,(1),掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配,:,主句,从句,与现在事实相反,would/,情态动词过去式,+do,were(,不分人称,)/did,与过去事实相反,would/,情态动词过去式,+have done,had done,与将来事实相反,would/,情态动词过去式,+do,should do/were to do,(2),区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：,主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整如：,Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is.,(,主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反,),Had Paul received six more votes in the last election,he would be our chairman now.,(,主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反,),(3),识别事实和假设混合句：,Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.,(,句子前半部分为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实,),I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible,but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.,(,前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实,),2.,名词性从句的虚拟形式,名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
从句的谓语动词需用,(should+),动词原形表示虚拟考生应熟悉：,(1),下列动词做谓语时，,that,宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：,desire,advise,recommend,command,direct,order,ask,demand,request,require insist,maintain,move,propose,prefer,urge,vote,如：,In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.,I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.,(2),下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，,that,主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：,advisable,desirable,insistent,preferable,urgent,appropriate,compulsory,crucial,essential,imperative,important,necessary,obligatory,possible,probable,proper,vital,advised,arranged,commanded,demanded,desired,ordered,proposed,recommended,requested,required,suggested,。
如：,The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away.,It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.,(3),下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：,insistence,preference,recommendation,suggestion,proposal,motion,desire,requirement,request,order,necessity,importance,regulation,rule,resolution,understanding,如：,John Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious,as well as worldly,frame of reference.,They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule,3.,含蓄虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式,含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过,if,从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。
考生应熟悉：,(1),连词,but,but that,or,or else,；副词,otherwise,unfortunately,等表示转折假设如：,A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger.Unfortunately,it was never done.,Victor obviously doesnt know whats。