初中英语完成态终短暂动词对应延续性动词变化规则表（Langzi 选编）基本变化规则a)用延续性动词代替短暂性（终止性）动词1、用 have 代替 buyMy brother has had(不能用 has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowI have kept(不能用 have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用 be 替代 becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用 wear 代替 put onb)用“be＋形容词”代短暂性动词1、be＋married 代 marry 2、be＋ill 代 fall (get) ill3、be＋dead 代 die 4、be＋asleep 代 fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake 代 wake/wake up 6、be＋gone 代 lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open 代 open 8、be closed 代 close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代 losec)用“be＋副词”代短暂性动词1“be＋on”代 start,begin2“be＋up”代 get up3“be＋back(to)”代 return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代 come(arrive,reach,get) here 或 go (arrive,reach,get) there 等等d)用“be＋介词短语”代短暂性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替 go to /come to2.用 be in the army 代替 join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替 move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open6. have got up → have been up；7. have died → have been dead；8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；11. havemarried → have been married；12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换| 字体： | 延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非 延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等延续性动词 可以与表示时间段的状语连用表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since 从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time 等例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作, 这种动作发生后立即结束 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock;例:He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用例:I havent left here for 3 years. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold 等。
例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. ---- It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days. 补充练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustnt ________ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I ______ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _____ the jacket these。