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1、第一篇Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?It wouldnt besurprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because youcouldnt reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make aSilicon Valley?Its the rightpeople. If you could get th
2、e right ten thousand people to move from SiliconValley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.You only needtwo kinds of people to create a technology hub （中心）:rich people and nerds （痴迷科研的人）.Observationbears this out. Within the US, towns have become startup hubs if and only ifthey have both
3、 rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami, forexample, because although its full of rich people, it has few nerds. Its notthe kind of place nerds like.WhereasPittsburg has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people. Thetop US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT,
4、 Stanford, Berkeley, andCarnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128. Stanford and Berkeley yielded SiliconValley. But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And whathappened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list.I grew up inPittsburgh and went to college at Cornell,
5、 so I can answer for both. Theweather is terrible, particularly in winter, and theres no interesting oldcity to make up for it, as there is in Boston. Rich people dont want to livein Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there are plenty of hackers （电脑迷）who could start startups, theres no one to invest in
6、them.Do you reallyneed the rich people? Wouldnt it work to have the government invest the nerds?No, it would not. Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people. Theytend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business. Thishelps them pick the right startups, and means they c
7、an supply advice andconnections as well as money. And the fact that they have a personal stake inthe outcome makes them really pay attention.56. What do welearn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) Its success is hard to copy any where else.B) It is the biggest technology hub in the US.C) Its fa
8、me in high technology is incomparable.D) It leads the world in information technology.57. What makesMiami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?A) Lack of incentive for investments.B) Lack of the right kind of talents.C) Lack of government support.D) Lack of famous universities.58. In that wayis Carnegi
9、e-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?A) Its location is not as attractive to rich peopleB) Its science department are not nearly as goodC) It does not produce computer hackers and nerdsD) It does not pay much attention to business startups59. What doesthe author imply about Boston?A) I
10、t has pleasant weather all year round.B) It produces wealth as well as high-techC) It is not likely to attract lots of investor and nerds.D) It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.60. What doesthe author say about startup investors?A) They are especially wise in making investments.
11、B) They have good connections in the government.C) They can do more than providing money.D) They are enough to invest in nerds.参考答案：56. A此题难度不大，根据题干中的“Silicon Valley”可定位第一段，第一段尾句“is there something unique about it?”直接把答案引向第二段。精读第二段“it wouldnt be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in othercountr
12、ies”，可知该句与A选项“Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.”为同义替换关系，故选A，其他三项均为无中生有。57. B此题难度不大，根据题干中“Miami”可定位至原文第五段，该段表明迈阿密只有有钱人，而缺少“痴迷于技术的人”，所以无法成为科技中心，该含义对应B选项，为统一替换关系，选项中的“the right kind oftalents”替换了原文的“nerds”。58. A此题难度不高，根据题干中的“Carnegie-Mellon”和“Stanford”，“Berkeley”，“MIT”容易定位到原文第六段，第六段段位抛出问题，所以顺势
13、往第七段找答案。第七段中详细描述了卡内基梅隆大学所在的匹兹堡的不同之处：“The weather is terrible”，“rich people dont want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca”，这些信息都指向了A选项，为高度概括关系。59. D该题难度较高，根据题干中的“Boston”可定位至原文的第七段。原文提到Boston的句子为“as there is in Boston”，as在这里表对比，意为“波士顿却有”，那么前文一定指出了匹兹堡没有某物，所以关键句在于具体是什么，故往前文查找，发现前文提到的是“and theres no interest
14、ing old city to make up for it”，意思是匹兹堡不仅天气恶劣，而且也没有有趣的老城区，但是波士顿却与之相反，固选择D，表示“波士顿有着很多历史古迹”。60. C本题难度不高，根据核心名词概念“startup investors”可定位到原文最后一段，原文清晰地表述了，startup investors不仅能够提供资金帮助，还能提供很多建议，所以C选项“他们不仅能提供资金”是最好的答案，和原文关系为高度概括。第二篇Its nice to have people of like mindaround. Agreeable people boost your confid
15、ence and allow you to relax and feelcomfortable. Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that canexpand your company and your career.Its nice to have people agree, but youneed conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth. If everyone around you hassimilar views, your work will suff
16、er from confirmation bias. (偏颇)Take a look at your own network. Do youcontacts share your point of view on most subjects? It yes, its time to shakethings up. As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in whichpeople will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: Fromconfrontation comes brilliance.
