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1、流程图,-雅思写作第二讲,分类,工序图 描述产品如何制作 以被动语态为主 生物生长图 描述生物如何成长 有时间跨度，以主动语态为主,工序图常用表达,表示不同阶段的句式： 介词短语/分词短语，+句子 At the beginning of the cycle, + 句子 At/ During the initial/ first/second/next stage, +句子 In the final/next phase, + 句子 Entering into the first/ next stage, + 句子 首先，将石灰石和粘土放在压碎机里压碎成粉状。（crusher） At the f
2、irst stage, limestone and clay are crushed by the crusher into powder.,直接用完整句子表达 The process starts from/ ends with . The first/ second step is . The beginning of the whole cycle is marked by 第二步就是把粉传送到搅拌机搅拌。 The second step is to deliver the powder to the mixer, where it is mixed.,定语从句在流程图中的作用,Whic
3、h When Where,定语从句练习,1 这些小麦被运到工厂，在那里被加工成各种各样的食品。 2 污水最终流入海洋，在那里杀死了大量的海洋生物。 3 太阳产生大量的宇宙射线(radiation)，这些射线中的一部分到达了地球的大气层。 4 为了获取驾照，申请者必须先去登记中心(registration centre)，在那里接受体检。,工序图常用连词和动词,传送 deliver, send, transfer, transport 转化 convert into, transform into 使用 utilise, use, employ 连接词 Afterwards, subsequen
4、tly, then, in the next step, after that, next, finally,工序图写作要点,确定几步，何处开始 确定材料 确定工具 确定动词,范文解析,The picture illustrates the way in which water passes from ocean to air to land during the natural process known as the water cycle. Three main stages are shown on the diagram. Ocean water evaporates, falls
5、as rain, and eventually runs back into the oceans again. Beginning at the evaporation stage, we can see that 80% of water vapour in the air comes from the oceans. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate, and water vapour condenses to form clouds. At the second stage, labelled precipitation on th
6、e diagram, water falls as rain or snow. At the third stage in the cycle, rainwater may take various paths. Some of it may fall into lakes or return to the oceans via surface runoff. Otherwise, rainwater may filter through the ground, reaching the impervious layer of the earth. Salt water intrusion i
7、s shown to take place just before groundwater passes into the oceans to complete the cycle.,要点总结,流程图以描述为主，比较较少 需要表达图中出现的所有信息 时态比较单一，基本使用一般现在时 结尾一般表示该流程总共分几步,生物生长图写作要点,多涉及时间的叙述，表达方式有： It takes + 时间 + to do This stage lasts for After/During a period of 最后一个阶段里毛毛虫caterpillar变成蛹pupa，通常持续两小时。,单词使用,大多数单词都
8、是不及物动词，所以多使用主动语态。 grow, hatch, emerge, take place, occur, start, begin 等 固定词组搭配 distinct stages grow to maturity the cycle starts anew 紧接着第二阶段会持续两三周，每个卵里面的胚胎embryo会发育成一个毛毛虫。,范文解析,流程图模板,The flow chart/ diagram shows/ illustrates the process/ procedures of how 从句 In the first phase/ Firstly In the sec
9、ond phase/ after that/ and then It is followed by Before / after Thirdly In the final stage,流程图常用开头+过渡,The following diagraph shows the structure of The picture illustrates The whole procedure can be divided into.stages. It mainly consists of,This diagram shows how a glacier is formed and how it mov
10、es and changes.,The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.,Chocolate comes from cacao trees, which are commonly grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia. The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans. Firstly, when the pods are ripe, they are har
11、vested. The beans are then removed and fermented for several days in large wooden boxes. During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown. Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry to a chocolate factory where they are r
12、oasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius. After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.,地图题,-雅思写作第二讲,地图题分类,地理变迁图
13、通常有时间跨度，注意时态。 多做比较 选址图 方位描述要更具体，除了东南西北，还要有周围参照物 优缺点都要说，结尾不要鲜明表明态度,地图题方位表达,in / to the west of . be parallel to be surrounded by be in the vicinity of be in close proximity of at the crossing be directly opposite to be halfway between,Given are three diagrams concerning the transformation of the vill
14、age of Kelsbey over the period from 1780 to 2000. It is manifest that the natural scenery of Kelsbey such as farm, woods disappeared at a staggering rate. To be more precise, the vast expanse of farm and woods in 1780 reduced dramatically to 1860, followed with a disappearance in 2000. However, an e
15、nvironment friendly place, namely wetland for birds came up in 2000, at the end of villager river. In contrast, man-made constructions witnessed a prosperous development during the more than 2 centuries. Specifically, a bridge, a road and 200 homes were built until 1860, on the base of only 100 home
16、s in 1780, which transformed into 2 roads, 500 houses, newly-built sports fields and schools, along with several shops at the river bank in the year 2000. Overall, Kelsbey experienced a diminish of nature areas as well as a prosperity of man-made building and facilities over the more than two centuries period.,The first potential location (S1)is outside the town itself and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site
