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1、39 / 402006年5月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分 英译汉Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russias northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate
2、 of 15 to 18 feet a year. It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing. For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-b
3、ound wilderness, the preservation of their culture. A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents a
4、s ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry. Coastal eros
5、ion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one. Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in
6、 weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding. In Finnmark, Norways northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing A
7、rctic is felt there, too. The reindeer are becoming unhappy, said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder. Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed som
8、ething of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting th
9、e top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat. The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns, said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. They dont mark
10、 the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its ownrewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara
11、 Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to
12、 support the growing energy industry.参考译文：随着天气变暖，北极圈的冰层开始融化，海水涌上来开始侵蚀沿岸村落。拜考夫斯凯村位于俄罗斯东北部沿海地区，居住着457个村民，这里的海岸线已经遭到破坏，海水正以每年1518英尺的速度向内陆的房屋和采暖用油桶逼近。“这里本来全都是冰，我们称之为永久冻土，但是现在已经开始融化了。”对于居住在北极圈里的四百万人来说，气候变化给他们带来了新的机遇。但是，这也威胁着他们赖以生存的环境和家园，而对于那些祖祖辈辈生活在冰雪荒原的人们来说，这还关乎他们能否保住自己的文化。对北部地区的进一步开发随着北冰洋的融化加快了脚步，给当地人民
13、带来了利益，也带来了危险。在巴伦支海和卡拉海发现了广阔的油田，但人们担心先装满石油然后很快就是液化天燃气的轮船发生灾难事故，这些船将卷起海浪，穿过斯堪地那维亚半岛近海的捕鱼区，一直开往欧洲和北美州市场。当越来越多的发电机、大烟囱和各种重型车辆进入这个地区帮助发展能源工业时，也会使这片处女地受到污染。阿拉斯加州也存在着海岸侵蚀的问题，这迫使美国政府打算迁移数个因纽特人的村庄，每个村庄的预计搬迁费用高达一亿多美元。在北极区，在极端冰冷环境里生存了几百年的本地部落注意到了气候和野生动物的变化，他们想去适应这种变化，但常常不知所措。在挪威最北面的芬马克省，每到冬末，北极的大片土地一望无际，好像冰雪高原
14、，万籁俱寂，偶尔只会听见几声驯鹿的鸣叫和摩托雪橇放牧驯鹿的轰鸣。但是即使在那里，人们也感受到了北极的变化。“驯鹿越来越不开心。”31岁的养鹿人埃拉说道。其实谈及保护环境和本土习俗，没有什么国家可以与挪威相提并论。政府把开发石油获得的财富都用在了北极地区，萨米人的文化也因此得到了某种意义上的复兴。但是无论有多少来自于政府的支持都无法让埃拉相信，他以鹿为生的日子将会和以往一样。象德克萨斯州的养牛人，他对自己放养的驯鹿数量守口如瓶，但是他说，春秋两季气温上升，导致表层雪融化，天冷后结成冰，驯鹿就更难于刨食到地表的植物。“那些制定政策的人都住在南方的城市里，”埃拉坐在用鹿皮搭建的家里说，“那些决策者注
15、意不到天气的变化。只有真正住在大自然里、从大自然获得生活资源的人才能注意到这一切。”第二部分 汉译英维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。中国高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持走和平发展道路，与世界各国一道，共同致力于建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。 中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。中国政府把中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，坚持奉行防御性的国防政策。中国的国防服从和服务于国家发展战略和安全战略，旨在维护国家安全统一，确保实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。中国永远是维护世界和平、安全、稳定的坚定力量。 中国在经济不断发展的
16、基础上推进国防和军队现代化，是适应世界新军事变革发展趋势、维护国家安全和发展利益的需要。中国不会与任何国家进行军备竞赛，不会对任何国家构成军事威胁。新世纪新阶段，中国把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展。汉译英参考译文：To uphold world peace, promote common development and seek cooperation and win-win is the common wish of the people around the world and an irresistible trend of our times. Committed to peace, development and cooperation, China pursues
