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1、专题三：图表作文【命题规律】从近几年高考真题来看，图表作文体裁多为议论文、应用文和说明文，内容涉及前后变化对比等方面。要求考生通过数据分析，表达图表含义，得出合理结论。其考查形式有表格式和图形式两种。其中图形式又有三种情况：表示数据变化的曲线图，表示数据的大小或数量之间差异的柱状图，表示总体内部结构变化的饼状图。图形式的题目多为说明文。【备考策略】1.描述图表内容特别是图表中的变化趋势.(先总的变化趋势,后重点用第一、中间、最后几个数据阐述总的变化趋势）2.解释某一变化的原因（主题句细节的阐述模式）3.作出结论或提出解决问题的方法对策。【必备模板】一、表格类 As shown in the c
2、hart, We can see that表格内容123 . From the figure in the chart, we can come to a conclusion that结论. There are many reasons responsible for this instance, and the following are the typical ones. First , 原因一 . Besides,_原因二 .Finally, 原因三 . As far as I am concerned,I hold the point that of view that 自己的观点_
3、.二、图形类 According to the graph given above, it can be seen clearly that there was a slight/slow/gradual /small/ steady drop (decline/ fall /reduction/decrease) in_.（如果是数据上升则用：There was a sudden/ dramatic/ large/ rapid/ sharp rise in _.）Judging from these figures，we can draw the conclusion that结论.Ther
4、e are two/three reasons why this happened.For one thing,原因一.For another，原因二.In addition，原因三 is also responsible for it.Its high time that we should提出解决问题的方法与对策。【典型例题】1.【2015江苏】书面表达 (满分 25 分) 请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章.写作内容：1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;2. 结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;3. 根据你的分析,从社会规范(rule
5、s and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。写作要求：1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句; 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;3. 不必写标题。【考点定位】考查“说明文类材料+图形+提纲类”作文。【试题分析】 今年江苏高考英语采用了“材料类+图形+提纲类”形式，综合考查考生阅读材料，识图和写作能力，较往年有所创新，也增加了难度。材料分为三部分：第一部分讲述了一位老奶奶阻止车辆停放引发的争议。第二部分讲述了行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯，导致交通事故发生的现象。第三部分是图表和文字，反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。要求第一段用30个单词概括材料内容；第二段
6、分析导致交通问题的原因；第三段从社会规则和个人行为谈谈启示（不少于两点）。【参考范文】The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten peoples lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples.Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the large-scale
7、construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. Whats worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closel
8、y related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone dont secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.
9、(150 words)【亮点说明】范文严格按照“三步走”的格局，第一段用短短26字（不含标点）概括了所给材料，得益于使用了“not onlybut also”这一经典句型；第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因，使用了“give rise to, large-scale construction of, the increasing number of, (be) vital to”等高级词汇，同时“whats worse”衔接词的恰当使用使该段条理清晰。第三段句型多样，变换使用了“Without虚拟语气，it iswho强调句型，it is ones duty to do sth.”等句型，为文章增
10、色不少。【名师点睛】说明文类材料的概括方法：主题概括法（段意合并法）。考生应抓住主题句（关键句），一般为文章第一段和各段第一句，然后进行段意合并，再用1-2个漂亮的句式整理成文；分析原因时，注意分条称述，并使用恰当的衔接词，但要避免落入俗套；谈论启示时注意句式的变换使用，避免句式的单一。另外，考生应尽可能多地使用一些高级词汇，为文章增色。2.【2015北京东城区检测】 近日，某报对我市几所小学的学生展开了一项关于“什么样的人可以当班长”的调查。 请根据下面的图表写一篇英语短文，介绍调查结果并谈谈你认为什么样的人可以当班长。词数不少于80。注意： 1开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。2词数不少于60
11、。 The primary school students have different opinions on what kind of person can become a monitor_【参考范文】 The primary school students have different opinions on what kind of person can become a monitor We can see from the pie chart that about 441% of the students believe that those who have good rela
12、tionship with others are likely to become a monitorMore students （around 6%）, however, think that the most important character of a monitor is having responsibilityInterestingly, there are about 1104% considering that a monitor should have a good look while 1176% of them suppose that teachers usuall
13、y appoint their favorite students as monitorsThe majority of students, about 67% believe that only when they do well in their studies can they have the chance to become a monitor On the one hand, I think, being a monitor requires high grades in study so that you can set a good example to the fellow
14、studentsOn the other hand, being responsible is of equal importance to studying wellYou need to be a good assistant to your teacher to help deal with some daily affairs in class, and sometimes when the head teacher is away, you are to be in charge of the class3.【2015重庆模拟】下面的柱状图 (bar chart) 显示了不同年龄段孩
15、子与父母谈心的情况。Time spent in talking with parents根据上图信息，请以“Heart-to-Heart Talks with Parents”为题，用英语写一篇90词左右的短文。要求如下：1简要描述图中信息；2说明原因，如：忙于学习或工作、由于代沟 (generation gap) 而缺少共同话题；3谈谈你的看法。注意：文章的标题和开头已给出 (不计入总词数)。 Heart-to-Heart Talks with ParentsAs is shown in the bar chart, _【参考范文】 Heart-to-Heart Talks with Parents As is shown in the bar chart, children spend less time having heart-to-heart talks with their parents when they grow older. For example, while the 7-9 age
