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1、,A Job Worth Doing,Module 2,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Four GrammarReview of verb forms(2),PART 1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题,1.句1的第一个分句、句2的从句和句5用了 ，表示过去发生的动作。 2.句2的主句用了 ，表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经完成的动作。 3.句3的从句和句4的主句用了 ，表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。,查看答案,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去进行时,一、一般过去时 (一)构成：主语动词过去式 (二)用法
2、： 1.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。 I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often，always等频度副词连用。 When I was a teenager，I played table tennis almost every day.十几岁时，我几乎每天都打乒乓球。,3.在以下句型中，常用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。 It is (high/about) time (that) you went to bed. 你该睡觉了。 I would rather they came tomorro
3、w. 我宁愿他们明天来。 4.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 (1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响，强调的是影响。,(2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday，last week，.ago，in 1980，just now等具体的时间状语；现在完成时的时间状语有：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，up to now，in past years等不确定的时间状
4、语。二者共用的时间状语有：this morning，tonight，once，before，already，recently，lately等。 I saw this film yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。(强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. 我已看过这部电影了。(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。),Why did you get up so early? 你为何起床这么早？(强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Who hasnt handed in his paper? 谁还没交上试卷？(强调对现在的影响，还没交。),二、过去进行时 (一)构
5、成：主语was/were现在分词 (二)用法： 1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。 I was having a shower at that time.那时我正在冲澡。 We were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night. 昨天晚上7点到9点我们正在开班会。 2.某些非延续性动词，如go，come，start，leave，return等用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。 She wanted to know when we were starting this task. 她想知道我们什么时候开始这项任务。,3.在语境中
6、的运用。 I waved to her but she wasnt looking. 我向她挥手但她没往这边瞧。 She didnt hear the doorbell.She was listening to the radio. 她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。 注意 与always，forever，frequently等副词连用，可表示某种感情色彩。 She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦) She was always thinking of others. 她老是想着别人。(赞扬),三、过去完成时 (一)构成：主语had过去分词 (二)用法： 1.
7、表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前完成了的动作，即表示“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻常用by，before等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。 He had learned English for a few years before he went to the United States. 在去美国之前，他已学习了几年英语。,2.表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus fi
8、nally came. 当公交车终于来了的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。,3.叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 Mr Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didnt know a thing about the verbs，for I had not studied
9、my lesson well. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。,4.在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 I returned the book that I had borrowed.我归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她找到了她丢的那把钥匙。 5.过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the l
10、etter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。,6.在含有when，until等连词的复合句中，如果主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词所表示的过去动作不是同时发生的，那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时表示。 When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了。 She didnt go to bed until she had finished her work. 直到把工作做完之后她才睡觉。 注意 如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的
11、动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 After he arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English. 到达英格兰之后，马克思努力提高他的英语水平。,7.动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。,8.过去完成时还可用在hardly.when.，no soon
12、er.than.，It was the first/second/.time (that).等固定句型中。 Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。,单句语法填空 1.Hi，Im Peter.Are you new
13、here？I havent seen you around. Hello，Peter.Im Bob.I just (start) on Monday.(2018北京) 2.Susan had quit her well-paid job and (work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.(2018北京) 3.Later，engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became kno
14、wn as the Tube.(2017全国) 4.Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(2016浙江),started,was working,managed,had become,查看答案,5.Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. (2016北京) 6.When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I (not，see) for year
15、s.(2016天津) 7.Then，after two and a half years，the mother (drive) the young panda away.(2016四川),was working,hadnt seen,drove,查看答案,PART 2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1.The reporter said that the UFO (travel) from east to west when he saw it. 2.He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he (meet) her. 3.S
16、he (finish) writing the composition by 10 oclock this morning. 4.I would rather you (go) shopping tomorrow. 5.They wanted to know when we (leave) for Shanghai.,was traveling,met,had finished,went,.单句语法填空,查看答案,were leaving,6.When Jane arrived at the station，her whole family (wait) for her there. 7.By the end of yesterday，w
