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1、数 词 用 法 专 题1. 百位数和十位数之间，在英式英语中要用“and”连接，在美式英语中一般不用。例：456：four hundred (and) fifty-six2. 百万以上的数字，英美表示法有所不同，详情如下：汉语英式英语美式英语万10 thousand十万100 thousand百万a million千万10 million亿100 million十亿a thousand milliona billion百亿10 thousand million10 billion千亿100 thousand million100 billion兆（万亿）a billiona trillion十
2、兆（万亿）10 billion10 trillion百兆（万亿）100 billion100 trillion例：80 亿：eight thousand million（英），eight billion（美）3. 有关“零”的各种说法： zero：一般说法，在温度或数学上使用； nil/nothing：在运动比赛中使用；love：在网球比赛中专用；O（读音）：电话或数学用语；cipher：书面语，指符号而不指数目（有时指温度）。例：零下 10 度：ten degrees below zero The result of the match was 5:0.（读作 five (goals to)
3、 nil） They won 3:0.（读作 three (to) nothing） Our team leads by 10:0 in the first tennis game.（读作 ten love） Dial 110. If you have no children, enter a cipher in the space on the form. The thermometer fell below cipher yesterday.4. 在某些表示概数的习语中（如“成百上千”、“成千上万”等），基数词后要加“-s”。例：thousands of students millions
4、 of children tens of thousands of people5. hundred of，thousand of，million of 等被 a few，some，several，many 等修饰，表示不确定数字时，用单复数形式均可。 例：a few thousand(s) of bookssome thousand(s) of soldiers（单用：some thousands）several hundred(s) of workers（单用：several hundred） many million(s) of birds（单用：many millions）6. 表示“
5、多少人组成一组，几个一起”时，基数词要用复数形式。例：The students lined in fives. She counts them in eights. The guests came in twos.（相当于 two by two/two and two）7. “第一名”、“第二名”可用 first，second 表示，并且可用复数形式。例：几个第 1 名：several firsts 3 个第 2 名：three seconds8. 在“several/many/基数词 + dozen + 名词”结构中，dozen 使用单数形式。（当名词前有修饰性成分时，dozen 和名词之间
6、要用 of（不可省略），即“several/many/基数词 + dozen + of + 修饰词 + 名词”，另外，score 的用法和 dozen 相同。）例：several/many/six dozen eggs several/many/six dozen of white birds several/many/six score eggs several/many/six score of white birds I bought several dozen/score these desks. () I bought several dozen/score of these des
7、ks. ()9. “(some) dozens/scores of + 复数名词”结构表示“好几十，很多”。（some dozen/score (of) + 表示“大约 12/20 个.”）例：(some) dozens/scores of children几十个儿童（some 表示“一些”，对含义无影响） some dozen/score (of) children大约 12/20 个儿童（some 表示“大约”，对含义有影响）10. “a dozen + 复数名词”和“a score of + 复数名词”也可表示“很多”。例：I have been there a dozen times.
8、 I have been there a score of times.11. 基数词可以表示书页、住所、房间、教室、邮政编码、电话号码等的编号。（电话号码通常以两个数字读为一组，中间有个小停顿，但以三个数字读为一组的情况也属常见，尤其是当电话号码为六位数或六位数以上时。电话号码中两个重复的数字，常用 double。）例：第 8 页：Page eight（P. 8） 第 7 行：Line seven（L. 7） 唐宁街 10 号：No. 10 Downing Street 第 301 房间：Room (No.) 301 第 4 教室：Classroom (No.) 4 邮政编码：223805
9、电话号码：66023288（读作：double six o, two three two, double eight）12. 罗列几个并列的名词时，前面的若干个名词前用“不定冠词 + 序数词”结构，最后一个名词前用“定冠词 + 序数词”结构。例：The old man has four daughters. One is a nurse, a second is a teacher, a third is a musician, and the fourth is a painter.13. 2 倍：twice (AmE: two times)，double，duple，twofold，as
10、again as；3 倍：3 times，triple，treble，threefold；4 倍：quadruple，4 times，fourfold；5 倍：5 times，fivefold；依此类推。（double 可作 n/v/adj/adv。double/twice/three times/four times/ 等表示倍数时，要放在定冠词、形容词形物主代词或名词所有格之前。treble可作 v/adj，通常可以和 triple 互换，但有时只能用 triple，如 the triple alliance。Ref.P46。）例：You have paid twice/two times
11、 the usual price. You are twice/two times her/Jennys age.Four is the double of two.（double 作名词）He doubled/trebled his income in 6 years.（double/treble 作动词）It is double the distance.（double 作形容词）The driver demanded double the usual fare.（double 作副词） Duple quantity of iron is needed for this project.
12、The amount of alcohol in his blood was triple the legal maximum.They have produced twofold/threefold as many washers as they did last year.This river is as wider again as that one.He earns treble my salary.（treble 作副词）Treble salaries were paid.（treble 作形容词）I asked for a treble (portion of wine).（tre
13、ble 作名词）20 is the quadruple of 5.（quadruple 作名词）Sales have quadrupled in the last 5 years.（quadruple 作动词）A quadruple alliance comes into being.（quadruple 作形容词）This year we produced quadruple that of last year.（quadruple 作副词）14. 倍数比较的表示法：1) X times as + adj/adv（原级）+ as . (Ref.P47)例：My room is twice a
14、s long as hers.My room is half as long as hers.（0.5 倍表示法）My room is half as long again as hers. = My room is one and a half times as long as hers.（1.5 倍表示法）Jack runs 3 times as fast as Jim.They have twice as many planes as we have. （此句中是 n，不是 adj/adv！）2) X times + adj/adv（比较级）+ than (Ref.P47) 例：My r
15、oom is twice longer than hers. = My room is as long again as hers. My room is half longer than hers.（0.5 倍表示法）My room is one and a half times longer than hers.（1.5 倍表示法） Jack runs 3 times faster than Jim. The cotton output is 20% greater than that of 2009.（此句中是 20%，不是倍数！）3) X times + the width (length, breadth, level, value, size, velocity) of 例：My room is twice the length of hers. My
