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1、【MeiWei_81-优质适用文档】专题十一 特殊句式1、 考纲解读考点1.倒装 2.强调 3.省略 4.主谓一致 5.反意疑问句 6.there be 句型重点：1把握各种特殊句式在具体语境中的运用 2.掌握主谓一致的灵活运用2、 知识归纳1. 倒装 （1） 完全倒装 谓语动词完全放到主语之前 there be （stand ，lie，exist.）句型Eg：there is a garden behind the house表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首（here，there ,now, then, up, down, in the room,on the wall,out, of
2、f . ） Eg: Here comes the bus.(当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装，如Here it is) Away went the girl 表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“英语+连系动词+主语“e.g. Present at the meeting were same scientists from China. (形容词作表语) Gone are the days when we were poor.(过去分词作表语) In each room are ten students.(介词短语作表语)（2）部分倒装，只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词）置于主语之前含否定意义的副词nev
3、er, not, nor, hardly, seldom, not onlybut(also)，not until 及含有no的词或短语放在句首，结构为：表否定意义的词/词组+助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓动+e.g. Never before have I seen such a moving film. Not until he returned did we have supper. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/情态动词/ be+主语+谓语动词+e.g. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only in this way
4、 can you improve your pronunciation. Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (主句倒装) Only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。 e.g. Only he can help you.+情态动词/助动词/be+主语 So （也） Neither/Nor(也不) e.g. You can swim, so can he.I have never been to abroad, neither (nor) has he.He likes watching football matches but he doe
5、snt like playing football. 一 So it is (the same) with sb. (有两个谓语动词时作答语用，表示“也”) Tom is thirteen. so is Lucy.(Lucy也13岁。前后指两个人) so he is.(他(Tom)的确13岁。前后指一个人)频度副词often, always, many a time 等置于句首，句子用部分倒装e.g. Often do I tell her about my life here.虚拟语气条件中省略if， 把were，had或should放在主语前，构成倒装e.g. Were I you (=I
6、f I were you ), I would take his advice.So(Such)that句型，So（Such）置句首时用倒装e.g. So fast does he run. That I cant catch up with him. Such a clever boy is he that he can work out this exercise easily.(3) 其它倒装结构as/though 引导的让步状语从句adj/adv/名词/动词+as/though+主语+e.g. Successful as/though he is, he is not proud. C
7、hild as he is, he knows to help others. Object as you may, Ill go. may表祝愿 May you succeed! May our friendship live forever!2. 强调(1) It is /was +被强调部分+that/who +句子剩余成分强调人用that/who，强调物用that所强调的可以是单词，短语，也可以是从句，但结构要完整被强调的成分是主语、宾语、状语，但不能是定语或谓语e.g. It is I who/that am right. (主语) It was Lucy that we met a
8、t the school gate. （宾语） It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. (状语)（2）强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分？e.g. Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? Is it professor Wang that / who teaches you English?(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句词+is/was + it +that +其他成分？e.g. Who was it that broke t
9、he window? When was it that you called me yesterday? What is it that you want me to do?(4) 有时可用It might be that或It must have been that 句型表强调e.g. It might be his father that youre thinking of. It must have been his brother that you saw.(5) notuntil句型的强调句：It is/was not until that+其他部分e.g. It was not u
10、ntil ten oclock that he wen to bed.(6) 强调句型中的it与作形式主语的it比较去掉It/was 和that，剩余成分仍能构成一个完整句子，就是强调句型，否则就不是e.g. It is there that accidents often happen. Accidents often happen there. 事故经常在那里发生。 It is clear that not all boys like football.Clear not all boys like football. (不是完整句子结构，因此这不是强调句)(7) 强调句型 It is /
11、was that；It is/was +时间+ when/before 从句子与it is +时间+since从句；It was not long before等句型的区别e.g. It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. （强调句）It was midnight when/before I got back home yesterday. （非强调句） It was two years ago that I began to learn English.（强调句）我是在两年前开始学英语的。 It is two years since
12、 I began to learn English. （It is since自从以来已有时间） It wasnt long before 不久以后就了 It wont be long before不久就会 It was two years/days before过了两年/两天就 It will be two years/days before还得两年/两天才 It will not be two years/days before用不了两年/两天就会试比较：It was two years before he came back from abroad. It was two years l
13、ater that he came back from abroad都表示他两年后回国。注意强调句中状语的表达方式（8）对谓语动词的强调用do/did/doese.g. Do come this evening. He did write to you last week.3. 省略（1）不定式的省略在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish 等后面，常用to代替被省略词。e.g. I asked him to see the film, bu
14、t he didnt want to.在have, need, ought, used 等后面，用toe.g. I didnt want to go there, but I had to.在glad, happy, pleased, delighted 等后面，用toe.g. If youd like me to help you, Id be only too glad to.否定形式的省略用not toe.g. Shall I go instead of him? I prefer not to.如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常要保留to be/ to have. To have beene.g. Are you a sailor? No, but I used to be.（2）状语从句中的省略当状语从句中主语和主句中主语一致，且从
