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1、UNIT 5 Cyber Security,Module,UNIT 5 Cyber Security,In this unit, you will: Content read about digital equivalent of keypassword read about Internet scams Vocabulary Skills use words and expressions to talk about cyber security use words and expressions to talk about Internet scams Grammar Focus lear
2、n clausethe object clause Reading Skills use the introduction to preview a reading passage Writing Skills write about how to avoid Internet scams,UNIT PREVIEW,Part One Before you Read,Part One Before you Read,What Do You Think?,Look at the following passwords. Are you using some of them to protect y
3、our accounts? If yes, please change your passwords immediately after youve ticked () the box. These are the most common passwords which can be easily attacked by hackers.,Part Two As You Read Text A,Language and Gender in Chinese,Abstract Simple passwords were commonly used in them id- 1990s and s t
4、ill today. Security experts warn that easy- to- guess passwords need to be changed and that complex passwords for extremely important accounts are highly recommended., According to a recent analysis, one out of five Web users still leaves the digital equivalent of a key “under the doormat” when they
5、 choose a simple, easily guessed password like “abc123,” “iloveyou” or even “password” to protect their data.“I guess its just a genetic flaw in humans,” said Amichai Shulman, the chief technology officer at Imperva. “Weve been following the same patterns since the 1990s.”Why this happened and how t
6、o choose a “stronger” password are important issues in the modern world.,Translation,Translation,你的密码是“123456”吗？ 根据一项新的分析报告，每五个网民中就有一个仍然使用简单密码，就像人们习惯于将房门钥匙放在门垫下一样，是非常不安全的。这些网民选择简单、容易猜到的密码例如“abc123”、“iloveyou”、甚至是“password”来保护个人数据信息。Imperva 公司的首席技术官员艾米查舒曼说：“这是人性的缺陷，我们自从90年代以来就一直沿袭这样的模式。” 为什么会这样呢？我们应该
7、怎样去选取一个“更强大的”密码呢？,Notes,1. .one out of five Web users still leaves the digital equivalent of a key “under the doormat”. “digital equivalent of a key”是指用户密码password，密码是开启网络各种账户之门的钥匙。 译文：每五个网民中就有一个仍然使用简单密码，就像人们习惯于将房门钥匙放在门垫下一样，是非常不安全的。,Notes,2. Weve been following the same patterns since the 1990s. 现在完
8、成进行时由“助动词have(has) + been+动词的现在分词”构成; 表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 “pattern” here refers to “People choose simple passwords.” 译文: 从20 世纪90 年代至今，我们都在沿用一种模式。,Part Two As You Read Text A, Mr. Shulman and his company examined a list of 32 million passwords that an unknown hacker stole last month.
9、They found that nearly one percent of the 32 million people it studied had used“123456”as a password. The second- most- popular password was“12345”. Others in the top 20 included“qwerty”,“abc123”and“princess”. More disturbing, said Mr. Shulman, was that about 20 percent of people picked from the sam
10、e, relatively small pool of 5,000 passwords. That suggests that hackers could easily break into many accounts just by trying the most common passwords. Because of the prevalence of fast computers and speedy networks, hackers can fire off thousands of password guesses per minute. Overusing simple pas
11、swords is not a new phenomenon. A similar survey examined computer passwords used in the mid- 1990s and found that the most popular ones at that time were “12345” , “abc123” and “password”.,Translation,Translation,舒曼先生和他的公司验讫了一份有着3200万用户密码的列单，这个列单曾在上个月被一个无名黑客盗窃。他们发现在这3200万个密码中,有近1%的人设定“123456” 作为自己的
12、密码。而频率排在第二高的则是“12345”其他排名前20的包括 “qwerty” “abc123”和“princess”。舒曼先生表示，更加令人不安的是，有20%的网民的密码是从5000个密码小数据库中选取的。也就是说，黑客们只要试着输入这些最常见的密码，就可以轻易的破解用户的账户。而且当下电脑技术的进步和高速网络的普及，黑客们可以在一分钟内破译出数千个密码。 过度使用简易密码并非是新生现象。一个类似的调查分析了20世纪90年代中期电脑密码的使用情况，发现当时最流行的密码竟然也是 “12345”、“abc123”和“password”。,Notes,3. That suggests that
13、hackers could easily break into many accounts just by trying the most common passwords. 此句为动词宾语从句：that 从句为动词suggest 的宾语。 译文：那就意味着黑客们只要键入最常用的密码，就可轻易攻克许多账户。,Part Two As You Read Text A, Why do so many people continue to choose easy- to- guess passwords, in spite of so many warnings about the risks? Se
14、curity experts suggest that, nowadays, people in this digital age are simply overwhelmed by the number of things they have to remember and have to keep probably 10 times as many passwords in their heads as they did 10 years ago. The experts suggest that everyone choose at least two different passwor
15、ds a complex one for Web sites where security is vital, such as banks and e-mails, and a simpler one for places such as social networking and entertainment sites. People can rely on passwords at least 12 characters long, figuring that those make him a more difficult target than the millions of peopl
16、e who choose five- and six-character passwords. “Its like the joke where the hikers run into a bear in the forest, and the hiker who survives is the one who outruns his buddy,” Mr. Moss said.“You just want to run that bit faster.”,Translation,Translation,为什么大多数人仍然不顾安全警告，选择简单易猜的密码呢？安全专家认为，在这个数字时代，人们有太多的东西需要记忆，而且要记的密码可能是10年前的10倍之多。 专家建议每个人至少选择两种不同的密码。对于安全系数要求高的，如登陆网上银行账户或者是电子邮箱时，建议使用复杂的密码。而登录社交网站或者娱乐网站的密码可以从简。我们可以选择至少12个字符长度的密码，这要比那些5或6个字符从长度的密码难破解得多。 莫斯先生讲到一个笑话：几个徒步旅行者在森林中遇到
