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1、现在分词,朗读下列词组或句子，判断划线部分做什么句子 成分？做该成分的是什么词？ 1) coming week 2) The girl standing there is my sister. 3) The news is shocking. 4) Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. 5) Working hard, you will succeed.,定语,定语,表语,宾语补足语,状语,单个分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词之_。表示现在分词的动作_进行，分词和所修饰的名词是逻辑上的_关系。,a sleepin
2、g baby a dancing girl,正在,前,1 现在分词作定语：,主动,= A baby who is sleeping,= A girl who is dancing,现在分词作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句。,The girl reading there is my sister. His brother, working as a doctor, lives in Beijing.,分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之_。所修饰的名词是现在分词的_主语，分词和逻辑主语之间是_关系。此时相当于一个_从句。,后,逻辑,主动,定语,= The girl who is reading t
3、here is my sister.,= His brother, who works as a doctor lives in Beijing.,The girl reading there is my sister.,His brother, working as a doctor, lives in Beijing.,现在分词作定语，要注意现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间。 一般说来，主要有下列两种情况： 1）表示正在进行的动作（变为定语从句时要用进行时态）。例如： Did you see the girl dancing with your brother. Did you see th
4、e girl who is dancing with your brother. The comrades working in the countryside will be back tomorrow. The comrades who are working in the countryside will be back tomorrow.,2) 表示经常性、习惯性动作或现在（当时）的状态（变为定语从句时多用一般现在时态或一般过去时态）。 We lived in a room facing the south. We lived in a room which/that faced th
5、e south. The factory making these pens is a small one. The factory which/that makes these pens is a small one.,1. 在空中飞舞的树叶 2. 一个行人 3. 一张笑脸 4. 中国是一个发展中国家。 _,Translation:,_ _ _,a walking man,falling leaves,China is a developing country.,a smiling face,完成句子。,1.有人在校门口等你。 Theres someone _ _ you at the sc
6、hool gate.,waiting for,2.他们住在一间面向大街的房子。 They live in a house _ the street.,facing,句型转换。,2. The wallet which is lying on the ground is mine.,Two days later I received a letter _.,1. The people who are sitting beside us are all teachers.,3. Two days later I received a letter which offered me the job.,
7、The people _ are all teachers.,The wallet _ is mine.,offering me the job,sitting beside us,lying on the ground,The news is shocking. The book is very interesting.,2. 现在分词作表语。,表示主语的某种性质和特征，相当于_词，通常修饰_，译为“_”。,形容,物,令人的,常作表语的现在分词有: surprising, astonishing, amazing, shocking, interesting, amusing, entert
8、aining, tiring, boring, disturbing, moving, touching, encouraging, inspiring, confusing, disappointing 等。,I heard Tom singing in his room.,宾,宾补,主,谓,3. 现在分词作宾补。,_是现在分词的逻辑主语。分词和逻辑主语之间是_关系，而且表示动作_。它主要用于两类动词后。,逻辑主语,宾语,主动,正在进行,1) I saw him crossing the street. 2) The teacher caught him cheating in the ex
9、am. 3) I heard Tom singing in his room. 4) Can you smell anything burning? 5) I felt the house shaking.,第一类动词：_动词(表示感觉和心理状态的动词)，常见的有：,记忆的方法：V + sb. doing sth. e.g. see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”,感官,see, watch, look at, notice, observe, find, catch; hear, listen to; smell; feel,1) The boss had the wo
10、rkers working the whole night. 2) You shouldnt keep your lights burning in the day. 3) The stone was too heavy to move, so I left it lying on the ground.,第二类动词：_动词(表示指使意义的动词)，常见的有：,使役,记忆的方法：V + sb. doing sth. e.g. have sb. doing sth. “使/让某人一直做某事”,have, keep, leave, ,I saw a little girl _ in the stre
11、et yesterday.,Translation:,crying,You shouldnt keep them _.,waiting,1.昨天，我在街上看到一个小女孩在哭。,2.你千万别让他们等。,4现在分词作状语。 现在分词作状语时，可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。 注意: 作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时一般位于句首， 且与后面用逗号隔开，能转换为一个相应的状语从句; 而作结果、方式、伴随状语时一般位于句尾。 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语（即分词动作的发出者）一般要与句中的主语保持一致这个是重点,是考试和高考的常考点,大家必须记住,）现在分词作状语,表时间。
12、 可以转化为一个由when/ while等引导的时间状语从句。 eg. Walking in the street, I saw him. = When/While I was walking in the street, I saw him. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了 当要表达正在进行的动作时 我们可以在分词前面加上whenwhile，那么上面的例句就可以改写为When/While walking in the street, I saw him.（其实有的时候也可以理解为时间状语从句中的省略 但是，不是时时成立的）,）现在分词作状语，表原因。可以转化为一个由as, because等引导的
13、原因状语从句。 e.g. Being ill, she stayed at home. = As she was ill, she stayed at home. 3）现在分词作状语，表条件。可以转化为一个由if/unless等引导的条件状语从句。 e.g. Working hard, you will succeed. = If you work hard, you will succeed.,）现在分词作状语，表让步。可以转化为一个由though/although引导的让步状语从句. e.g. Having failed many times, he didnt lose heart. =
14、Though he had failed many times, he didnt lose heart. ）现在分词作状语，表结果, 可以转化为一个并列句 e.g. His friend died, leaving Tom a lot of money. = His friend died, and he left Tom a lot of money.,）现在分词作状语，表方式。 e.g. Please answer the question using another way. ）现在分词作状语，表伴随。可以转化为一个并列句 e.g. He sat there reading a new
15、spaper. He sat there and he was reading a newspaper. 注意：分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。 .,现在分词（The Present Participle） 一. 现在分词构成:doing 二、现在分词的两个基本特点。 在时间上表示动作正在进行。 例如： a developing country. 一个发展中的国 boiling water 沸水 the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳。 (试比较： a developed country 一个发达国家， boiled water 开水，the risen sun 升起的太阳),2. 在语态上表示主动。 例如： the ruling class 统治阶级 the exploiting class 剥削阶级。 （试比较： the ruled class 被统治阶级， the exploited class 被剥削阶级）,三、现在分词的语法功能 1) coming week 2）running w
