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1、英语词汇学教程 （2004 年版）练习答案 【Chapter 1】 7 tart: loose womanbloke: fellow gat: pistolswell: great chicken: cowardblue: fight smoky: policefull: drunk dame: womanbeaver: girl 8.haply = perhapsalbeit = although methinks = it seems to meeke = also sooth = truthmorn = morning troth = pledgeere = before quoth =
2、 saidhallowed = holy billow = wave/ the seabade = bid 12. DenizensAliensTranslation loansSemantic loans kettle die wall skirt husband confrere pro patria Wunderkind mikado parvenu chopstick typhoon black humour long time no see dream 【Chapter 2】 Ex.1 The Indo-European Language Family is one of the m
3、ost important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. A knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will
4、help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2.Indo-European Language Family Balto-SlavicIndo-IranianCelticItalianHellenicGermanic RoumanianHindiBretonSpanishGreekEnglish LithuanianPersianScottishFrenchSwedish PrussianIrishItalianGerman PolishPortugueseNorweigian Slavenia
5、nIcelandic RussianDanish BulgarianDutch 6. When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of natures
6、 God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows that Greek and Latin play a very import
7、ant part in the English vocabulary. 8. eventful Latin + Englishhydroplane Greek + Latin falsehood Latin + Englishpacifist Latin + Greek saxophone German + Greek heirloom French + English joss house Portuguese + English television Greek + Latin 9. amateur (late)finac (late)empire (early) peace (E)cou
8、rage (E)garage (L) judgement (E)chair (E)chaise (L) grace (E)servant (E)routine (L) jealous (E)savat (L)genre (L) gender (E)dbut (L)morale (L) state (E)chez (L)ballet (L) 11. allegro, f轻快 andante, j行板行板 diminuendo, g渐弱渐弱 largo, d缓慢缓慢 pianoforte, a轻转慢 alto, i女低音 crescendo, b渐强 forte, e强强 piano, h轻 so
9、prano, c女高音女高音 12. cherub (Hebrew)snorkel (G) coolie (Hindi)tulip (Turk) lasso (Sp)wok (Ch) shampoo (Indian)chocolate (Mex) tepee (Am Ind)jubilee (Gr) kibitz (G)Sabbath (Heb) chipmunk (Am Ind)tamale (Mex) cotton (Arab)voodoo (Afr) loot (Hindi)sauerbraten (G) 13. a. alligatorb. loco c. rodeod. bonanz
10、a e. igloof. blitzkrieg g. wigwamh. canoe i. hurricanej. boomerang k. Ponchos 【Chapter 3】 1.a. morphemeb. allomorph c. bound morphemed. free morpheme e. affixf. informational affix g. derivational affixh. root i. stemj. base 3.individualistic individualist + ic stem, base individual + ist stem, base
11、 individu + al stem, base in + dividu root, stem, base undesirables un + desirable stem, base desir + able root, stem, base free morpheme = free root morphemebound root bound morphemeinflectional affix affixprefix derivational affix suffix 【Chapter 4】 Affixation 5.non-smokerincapableimpractical diso
12、beyinsecurityirrelevant immatureinability/disabilityunofficially unwillingnessillegaldisagreement illogicaldisloyalinconvenient non-athletic 6.hardenhorrifymodernize memorizefalsifyapologize deepenglorifysterilize lengthenintensifybeautify fattensympathize a.apologizedb.beautifyc.lengthening d.sympa
13、thizede.fattenf.falsify g.memorizingh.Sterilize 7.a.employeeb.politicianc.participant d.waitresse.conductorf.teacher g.pianisth.examinee/examiner 8. trans- = across: transcontinental, trans-world mono- = one: monorail, monoculture super- = over, above: superstructure,supernatural auto- = self: autob
14、iography, automobile sub- = bad, badly: malpractice, malnutrition mini- = little, small: minicrisis, miniwar pre- = before: prehistorical, preelection ex- = former: ex-teacher, ex-filmer Compounding heartbeat S + Vbrainwashing V + O movie-goer place + Vbaking powder V +adv far- reaching V +Advdog-ti
15、red adv + a lion-hearted adv + alove-sick adv + a boyfriend S + complementpeace-loving V +O snap decision V + Oeasy chair a + n on-coming V +advtax-free adv +a light-blue a + agoings-on V +adv 4.well-bred/well-behavedculture-bound/homebound needle work/homeworkpraiseworthy/respectworthy bar-woman/sp
16、ortswomannation-wide/college-wide clear-minded/strong-mindedmilitary-style/newstyle self-control/self-respectbudget-related/politics-related water-proof/fire-proofonce-fashionable/once-powerful news-film/news-lettermock-attack/mock-sadness sister-in-law/father-in-lawhome-baked/home-produced half-way/half-doneever-lasting/ever-green age-conscious/status-consciouscampus-based/market-based Conversion 7.a.stomach n v b.room
