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1、Unit 1,What Is Culture?,contents,1. Lead-in 2. Outline 3. Textual Analysis 4. Summary of the Text 5. Extension 6. Exercises,Lead-in (Pictures),Picture 1 (P2),Picture 2,Picture 3,Picture 4,outline,Paras. 1-4 The concept of culture An entire way of life of a society, or of a people Learned behavior ra
2、ther than instinctive behavior Different cultures with different patterns of life Paras. 5-7 The diversity of culture Views towards different cultures Ideas of what is beautiful in different cultures Ways of treating dead bodies in different cultures Paras. 8 conclusion: Different cultures have diff
3、erent ways of life, which are neither right nor wrong, for it is simply that different people do the same things in different ways.,Textual Analysis,(line 7)Be born with to have (something) from birth/ at ones birth E.g. 1. It is said that no amount of special education can make a genius out of a ch
4、ild born with low intelligence. 2. Most people view Hillary Clinton as a woman who was born with a silver spoon in her mouth. 3.决定一个人智力的因素之一是他与生俱来的大脑。 One of the factors that determine an individuals intelligence is the sort of brain he is born with.,2. (line 9) Instinctive behavior, on the other ha
5、nd, is a pattern of behavior that an animal is born with. Instinctive behavior: behavior that is based on instinct and is not thought about, planned or developed by training E.g. They maintain that human action is different from the instinctive behavior of animal, and, therefore, is always guided by
6、 intelligence. Instinctive behavior, however, is a set of behavioral rules that an animal acquires at its birth. Pattern: the way in which something happens or develops E.g. 1 The illness is not following its usual pattern. 2. The child showed a normal pattern of development.,3. (line 22) take care
7、of : to deal with; do what is needed with e.g. If you dont give me the money, Ill send my boys to take care of you. Cf. 1. Ill never give up my job until the children grow up and can take care of themselves. (to look after) 2. Dont worry. Ill take care of the fees. (to pay for something),4.(line 26)
8、 at one time At the same time; together e.g. 1. lets start the dance again, all at one time. 2. 里德先生的账单同时到来，他无力支付。 Mr. Reeds bills came all at one time, and he could not pay them. Cf. at one time: at a certain time in the past e.g. 1. At one time I used to go mountain-climbing every summer. 2. At on
9、e time she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off. 3. 人们曾经认为河那边的地方不宜居住。 At one time, people thought that the place beyond the river is not good to live.,at a time: in sequence; separately e.g. He tossed the peanuts into his mouth one at a time.,5.(line 28) we feel in o
10、ur hearts that the way that we do things is the only right way to do them. In ones heart: in ones deepest feelings e.g. In her heart she knew that she would one day leave home for her own dream. -We really feel that/ It is our belief that our way of doing things is the only right way./ In our most s
11、ecret and true thought we feel that,6. (line 31) We may laugh at clothing that seems ridiculous to us. Laugh at : to be amused by; make fun of e.g. Go ahead and practise. Nobody will laugh at you. -We may be amused by the absurd and unreasonable way people from a different culture dress themselves.,
12、7.(line 36) Ideas of what is beautiful differ from one culture to another. Differ from: to be unlike; be different from e.g. 1. English pronunciation differs from American pronunciation much more than English spelling does from American spelling. 2. I have to differ from with you onuponabout that is
13、sue. 3. Ideas on child care may differ between parents and lead to disagreement.,8.(line 46) dispose of: to deal with; to finish with; get rid of e.g. You must dispose of the garbage before you leave. Cf. 1. Johns father wants to dispose of their old house and buy a new one. (give away) 2. The champ
14、ion disposed of the other fighter by knocking him out in the second round. (defeat),9. (line 59) simply: just; only E.g.1. I dont like driving; I do it simply because I have to get to work each day. Cf. 1. On her small income they live very simply. (in a simple and plain way) 2. What a simply gorgeo
15、us day it is today! (really; very much),Summary of the Text,Culture is not anything that people in a group are born with, but something they learn either by being taught or by growing up in it. Different cultures have different ways of eating, drinking, dressing, finding shelter, marrying and dealin
16、g with death. Our own culture seems natural to us while other cultures may think it funny, strange or even disgusting. However, this has nothing to do with right or wrong.,Is culture only limited to human?,This chimpanzee mother is using a specially prepared stick to “fish out“ food from a crevice. She learned this skill and is now teaching it to her child who is hanging on her shoulder and intently watching.,exercises,1. do all the exercises of text A 2. preparatio
