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1、专题十六 省略句,学科网备战2010届高考英语一轮复习,目 录,知识要点 ,高考链接 ,考点诠释 ,考纲解读 ,考纲解读,省略是高考英语考试大纲要求掌握的的语法项目 之一，虽然不是每年必考项目，但不少省份有所 涉及省略这一语法项目。从命题的趋势来看，更 侧重考查省略在交际中的功能，考查语法知识间 的交叉使用。考题可能会从以下几个方面考查： 1. 状语从句中的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be的任何形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。常见的连词有：as，if, as if, once, though, whether, when, while, u
2、nless等等。,返回目录,考纲解读,2. 有关to的省略。 （1）在cant but，cant not help but, can not choose but之后的动词不定式一般不带to，but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do，does，did，done时，也不带to； （2）当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略。如：All I did is（to）give him a lesson.,返回目录,（3）由why，why not引导的特殊疑问句，后跟 省略to的动词不定式。 （4）have，make，see，hear， notice，observe 等
3、后接不带to的动词不定式 ； （5）为避免句子重复，承前省略动词原形，而保 留不定式符号to，但是有助动词be或have时，则 要保留be或have。,考纲解读,3. 在if引导的虚拟条件句中 在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were， should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略 if。 4.在限制性定语从句中的省略 在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、which、 whom可以省略；在以the same . as和such . as引导的定 语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的 定语从句中，可以省略that或in which。,返回目录
4、,1.简单句中的省略现象,Sounds like a good idea.,Pity we live so far from the sea.,Beautiful day, isnt it?,1)句首省略,省略了句子的主语，有时还连同谓语动词一起省略,Wonder what she is doing.,Forgotten my name?,Nobody at home.,2)答语的省略,-Have you finished your composition?,-Not yet.,-will you join us?,-I should love to.,Linda has arrived. -
5、when?,He wont go to the party.-why not?,3)结构省略,这种省略可以根据通常的语法结构加以判断,We have lived here (for) ten years.,在否定句中不可省略,I havent seen you for three months.,Some other examples:,You will never manage successfully (in) that way.,This is the most exciting game (that) I have ever watched.,The train is going (a
6、t) fifty miles an hour.,4)不定式的省略,I went there because I want to.,-will you join us?,-Yes Id love to.,在下列词后常省略不定式 但要保留 to: want wish like hate hope intend plan love refuse expect,当want 和like用于从句中时，to常常省略。,Come when you want.,I have decided to do what I like.,You cant force him to get a job if he is n
7、ot ready (to).,在某些动词后可省略to如：try， 尤其是在adj.后。,-Can you start the car?,-Ok, I will try.,2.并列句中的省略现象,在后一并列分句中凡是与上下文相同的成分通常都要省略,My office was on the tenth floor, and his (office was) on the twelfth (floor).,I will buy a house. He will (buy a house) too.,1)省略动词 + 宾语或补语,John was the winner in1994, and Bob
8、(was the winner) in 1995.,2)省略主语 + 谓语动词,We still have shortcomings, and (we have) very big ones, too.,出现在并列句中的be,have,do,如果在一个分句中作助动词，而在另一个分句中作行为动词，不可省略,The man has a gun and has threatened to use it.,Mary did the work but did not finish it.,3) 省略主语 + 谓语 + 宾语,They have increased trade with China and
9、 (they have increased trade) with other East-Asian countries, too.,They tried to prevent the pollution, but (they did) not (prevent pollution) very successfully at the beginning.,并列句的省略有时还可出现在前面的分句中，这时被省略的词语便出现在下文。,George will (take the course) and bob might take the course.,3.复合句中的省略现象,复合句中的省略现象常见于
10、从句中，主句中的省略通常出现在句首,Hope you will have a good journey.,Too bad she wont be able to go to the party.,有时整个主句都可省略， 这种省，略通 出现在简短答中。,-are you going to buy the house?,-Unless my wife objects.,-You all like the story?,-yes, except that the end is too surprising.,复合句的省略现象多出现在状语从句中,Although hard-working, he co
11、uldnt earn enough even to support him,When still a boy of six, Bob was sent away from home.,If necessary, Ill pay him a personal visit.,While cooking dinner, she thought of her past.,He advised me not to say anything until asked.,引导宾语从句的从属连词只要从句不长，通常都可省略。,I hope (that) all will go well.,Be careful t
12、hat you dont catch cold.,但如果从句较长或从句的语境较复杂, 连词that 不能省略,She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with him.,Everybody could see what an important person he was, and that they ought to be careful not to offend him.,在than或as引起的从句中的省略,Many others are doing better than we are.,He works harde
13、r than ever.,Jane is as tall as I.,They will try to put the plan into practice as quickly as possible.,返回目录,考点诠释,英语中为了避免重复，往往省去一个词语 或更多成分，这种语法现象称为省略。 省略的情 况复杂、多样，综合多年来的相关高考试题，常 在以下几个方面对省略进行考查。 一、 考查状语从句中的省略 _with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北高 考) A.
14、 Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 【答案】D,返回目录,【解析】状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的 主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词， 从句的主语连同be可一起省略，该类状语从句多 为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为 when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等， 后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。,考点诠释,二、 考查定语从句中关系代词及关系副词的省略 例.Thats an unpleasant thing to say about y
15、our father after _ hes done for you. (2004高考) A. something B. anything C. all D. that 【解析】 关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后可以省略； 关系副词 that在先行词reason/ way后的省略。 例This is the reason why / for which / that/省略 he was late. (that 为关系副词，可省略) 【答案】C,返回目录,考点诠释,三、不定式符号to 的省略 1.A computer does only what thinking peopl
16、e _. A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done 【答案】A 【解析】不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时, 不定式省略to 。 例 I watched him disappear in the distance.,返回目录,考点诠释,四、考查不定式后动词的省略 1.- Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with me tonight. - _. A. Yes,
