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1、摘要近年来外资银行大举进入我国金融市场，引起了社会的广泛关注。特别是 2006年 12 月，中华人民共和国外资银行管理条例的施行，更是为束缚已久的外资银行敞开大门。这一举措势必会对我国银行业的市场主体和格局产生多方面的影响，其中，最直接也是最主要的影响之一就是对我国银行业效率的影响。外资银行的全面进入为中国银行业创造了一个难得的发展机遇，但也暗藏着许多风险。为此产生了一系列亟待回答的现实问题：外资银行进入到底对我国银行业的经营效率产生什么样的影响？是大幅降低国内银行业的利润空间、危及银行业的稳定性？还是国内银行业已积极备战，化竞争为动力，有效面对更大的挑战呢？在深入分析外资银行在我国的发展现状
2、的基础上，我们对银行效率的相关概念进行界定，并依据定义建立银行效率的 ROA、ROE 等财务测度指标。在此基础上，通过对中外资银行的安全性、盈利性、流动性以及银行经营能力指标进行对比分析发现，国内银行业虽然通过股份制改革等方式提高资本充足率，降低了不良贷款率，安全性大大增强，但在资本利润率、资产利润率、存贷比等方面略低于外资银行，存在相对劣势。随后，进一步实证研究得出，外资银行进入增强了我国银行业抵御风险能力；但也挤压了国内银行业的利润空间，使其盈利能力降低；同时由于我国对外开放的步伐是稳步推进的，我国银行的存贷款业务尚未受到强烈的冲击，流动性影响尚不明显。最后，本文提出了我国银行业应对外资银
3、行进入的对策，通过优化经营模式、完善风险防范机制、加强银行流动性管理等方式，以多渠道、全面提高国内银行业的效率。关键词：外资银行；中国银行业；效率；对策IAbstractRecently, the phenomenon what large-scale foreign bank entry china financial marketcaused the social concerns. Specially, as “the Regulations on the Management of foreignbanks in the Peoples Republic of China” carri
4、ed into execution in December, 2006, manyforeign banks which were bound for a long time would further expand the scale ofdevelopment in China. It would have various impacts on the market and patterns toChinas banking industry, of which the most direct and important is the efficiency ofChinas banking
5、 industry.Foreign banks full access to the Chinas banking sector has created a rare developopportunity, but also hidden many risks. There are series of practical problems need toanswer: what kinds of impact has foreign banks to enter on Chinas banking sector? Issignificantly lower profit of Chinas b
6、anking sector, and endanger the stability of Chinasbanking sector? Or Chinas banking sector has been actively preparing, as the drivingforce of competition, effectively face greater challenges?On the basis of depth analysis the development of foreign banks in China, we definedthe relevance concept o
7、f the bank efficiency and established the financial index about thebank efficiency. Then, it comparatively study on the safety, profitability, liquidity andviability of foreign banks, and found that the China banking sector use such means asjoint-stock reform to improve the capital adequacy ratio, r
8、educe non-performing loanratio, greatly increase security, but it is still lower than foreign banks in ROE, ROA, therate of loan and deposit, exist the relative disadvantage. Subsequently, in the empiricalcontext, it study found that foreign banks enter enhanced the ability of Chinas bankingindustry
9、 to resist risks, reduce the cost of the domestic banking business; But it alsoextruded the profit margins of domestic banking industry, reduce its profitability; At thesame time, the pace of Chinas opening to the outside world is steadily forward, our bankthe rate of loan and deposit that have not
10、yet been badly hit.Finally, this paper puts forward to some strategy, by which optimize the businessmodel and improve the risk prevention mechanism and enhance the management of bankliquidity , to deal with foreign banks entering, and multi-channel and comprehensivelyimprove the efficiency of the do
11、mestic banking sector.Keywords: foreign banks; Chinas banking industry; efficiency; strategy.II目录第 1 章引言.11.1 选题背景及意义.11.2 国内外研究现状.21.2.11.2.2国外研究现状.2国内研究现状.31.3 研究内容.41.4 研究方法、文章的创新点及不足之处.51.4.11.4.2研究方法.5可能的创新及不足.6第 2 章外资银行进入中国的发展及现状.72.1 外资银行进入中国的背景.72.1.12.1.22.1.3金融全球化的必然趋势.7改革开放的必然产物.8加入 WTO 的必然要求.92.2 外资银行在中国的发展情况.92.2.12.2.22.2.32.2.4外资银行在中国的发展历程.9外资银行在中国的区位分布.11外资银行全面进入中国的经营现状.13外资银行全面进入中国的发展趋势.14第 3 章外资银行进入对我国银行业效率的影响及实证分析.163.1 银行效率相关概念的界定.163.2 银行效率的财务测度指标.163.3 中、外资商业银行效率的对比分析.193.3.13.3.23.3.33.3.4安全性评价.19盈利性评价.
