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1、Unit 13 A. Text,Open System Interconnection Reference Model,New Words and Expressions,medium 5mi:djEm n. 媒体,媒介 conceptual kEn5septFuEl adj. 概念上的 standardization 7stAndEdai5zeiFEn n. 标准化 architectural 7B:ki5tektFErEl adj. 建筑上的, 建筑学的 manageable 5mAnidVEbl adj. 便于管理的 presentation 7prezen5teiFEn n. 介绍,
2、表达 handy 5hAndi adj. 手边的, 便利的,category 5kAtiEri n. 种类 interact 7intEr5Akt vi. 互相作用 issue 5isju: n. 出版, 事务 framework 5freimwE:k n. 构架,结构 convention kEn5venFE n. 大会,惯例 routing 5ru:tiN n. 行程安排, 邮件路由 foundation faun5deiFEn n. 基础,基金 in the context of 在文中,Technical Terms,Open System Interconnection Refere
3、nce Model 开放系统互联参考模型 OSI ( Open System Interconnection ) 开放系统互联 ISO (the International Organization for Standardization ) 国际标准化组织 intercomputer communications 计算机通信 routing protocols 路由协议 data link layers 数据链路层,Notes,1. The Open System Interconnection ( OSI ) reference model describes how informatio
4、n from a software application in one computer moves through a network medium to a software application in another computer. 开放系统互联参考模型是描述一台计算机的应用软件的信息是如何通过网络媒体传到另一台计算机的应用软件的。 由 how 引导一个宾语从句：其从句的主干成份是 information from moves through to ( 信息是如何从通过移到的 )。,2. The model was developed by the International O
5、rganization for Standardization ( ISO ) in 1984, and it is now considered the primary architectural model for intercomputer communications. 模型是由国际标准化组织在1984年提出的,现在已成为计算机通信中最主要的结构模型。 这是一个由 and 引导的并列句：前一分句的 The model和后一分句的 it 都是指 OSI 参考模型；注意 ISO 与 OSI 的区别。,3. Routing protocols are network layer protoc
6、ols that are responsible for exchanging information between routers so that the routers can select the proper path for network traffic. 路由协议是网络层协议，负责路由器之间的信息交换，以便路由器能为网络业务选择合适的路径。 句中 that 引导定语从句；so that 引导一个目的状语从句；network traffic 译为：”网络业务”。,. Try to match the following columns: 1. Open System Interc
7、onnection 国际标准化组织 2. the International Organization for Standardization 开放系统互联 3. intercomputer communications 数据链路层 4. Local Area Network 广域网 5. Wide Area Network 局域网 6. conceptual model 路由协议 7. routing protocols 概念模型 8. data link layers 计算机通信,Exercises,1. 开放系统互联 2. 国际标准化组织 3. 计算机通信 4. 局域网 5. 广域网 6
8、. 概念模型 7. 路由协议 8. 数据链路层,. Choose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of the following sentences. Change the form of the word where necessary: be divided into networked computer WAN protocol in existence the OSI model corresponds to LAN protocol data transport,1. provides a
9、 conceptual framework for communication between computers, but the model itself is not a method of communication. 2. The OSI model divides the tasks involved with moving information between into seven smaller, more manageable task groups. 3. operate at the lowest three layers of the OSI model and de
10、fine communication over the various WAN media. 4. operate at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model and define communication over the various LAN media.,The OSI model,networked computers,WAN protocols,LAN protocols,5. This concept of building upon the layers already is the foundation of
11、the OSI model. 6. The beginning letter of each word a layer. 7. The seven layers of the OSI reference model can two categories: upper layers and lower layers. 8. The lower layers of the OSI model handle issues.,in existence,corresponds to,be divided into,data transport,B. Reading World Wide Web New
12、Words and Expressions associative E5sEuFjEtiv adj. 关联的,相关的 hyperlink hAipE5liNk n. 超链接 dramatically drE5mAtikEli adv. 引人注目地 transaction trAn5zAFEn n. 交易，业务 negligible 5negldVEbl adj. 加强图形，可忽略的,Technical Terms,World Wide Web 万维网,全球信息网 Gopher 因特网上提供文本检索系统 Usenet newsgroups Usenet 新闻组 FTP ( File Transf
13、er Protocol ) 文件传输协议 HTML ( Hypertext Markup Language ) 超文本链接标示语言 E-mail ( Electronic mail ) 电子邮件 E-commerce 电子商务 retail network 零销网络 e-voting 电子投票,Exercises,Answer the questions according to the passage: 1. What other Internet resources can you find besides WWW sites? 2. What caused the popularity
14、of Internet in the 1990s? 3. Why has E-mail become the most widely used tool on the Internet? 4. What do you think of the costs of commercial transactions on the Web? 5. What is the revolutionary use of the Internet in the political environment?,1. We can find FIP, Gopher and Usenet newsgroups. 2. The graphics-intensive nature of the World Wide Web cause the Popularity Internet. 3. Because E-mail is a very convenient and inexpensive wa
