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1、课程介绍 课程属性限定性选修课 课时48学时 课程内容汽车结构、工作原理。教材内容较新，新技术内容多。 学习目的 1.打好基础：首先掌握必要词汇，熟悉并巩固语法与专业知识，开阔眼界；学好本门课程，对考研亦有一定的帮助 2.掌握翻译技巧，提高翻译水平，较熟练笔译专业资料，解决生产实际中的问题 3.阅读本专业领域的国外资料，了解和掌握本专业的发展动态和前沿技术，为研究和创新奠定基础 学习方法 认真听讲，做好记录，大胆实践,PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH,UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS TEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobil
2、e,PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH,UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS TEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobile Engine Chassis Body Electrical Equipment,本次课学习内容,本次课学习目标,掌握汽车主要部件的英文名称 掌握各类汽车的英文名称 掌握常用术语（ PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS） 了解翻译的标准,NEW WORDS,component kmpunntn.成分，组成，部件，零件 chassis sin.底盘 transmission trnzminn.变速器，传
3、动, 传动系统，传送，发射 lubrication lu:brikeinn.润滑 Ignition igninn.点火, 点燃 Ignite ignaitv.点火, 点燃 boost bu:stv.升压，推进，增加，增压，提高 filter filtn. 滤清器，滤波器, 过滤器 carburetor k:bjuretn.化油器 combustible kmbstbla.易燃的,radiator reidieitn.散热器, 冷却器，辐射体 hollow hlua.空心的, 虚伪的；n.洞, 窟窿, 山谷； circulate s:kjuleitv. (使)循环, (使)流通 defroste
4、r di:frstn.除冰(或霜)装置 sludge sln.软泥, 淤泥 hood hudn.发动机罩 styling stailin.花式样 streamlined stri:mlainda.流线型的, 现代化的 sedan sidnn.轿车, 轿子 enclosed inklouzda.封闭的, 密闭的 pick-up pikpn.拾波器，皮卡（轻型货车），传感器,gross grousa.总的, 毛重的; n.总额 coach koutn.四轮大马车, 长途客车, 教练 rigid riida.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的 axleksln.轮轴, 车轴 articulated :tik
5、juleitida.铰接(的), 有关节的 capacity kpsitin.容量, 生产量, 才能, 能力 commuterkmju:tn.长期月票使用者 luxurious lgzjurisa.奢侈的, 豪华的 suspension sspennn.悬架，悬浮, 悬浮液, 暂停, 中止, 悬而未决 differential difrenln.差速器，微分；a.微分的，差动的,clutch kltn.离合器 hydraulic haidr:lika.液压的，水压的，水力的 isolate aisleitv.隔离, 孤立, 绝缘，查出（故障） course k:sn.过程, 经过, 进程, 方
6、针, 路线, 跑道, 课程 manoeuvre mnu:v=maneuvre v.策划, 调动, 演习, 操纵，机动（动作）；n.策略, 调动 drum drmn.鼓, 鼓声；v.击鼓 pedal pedln.踏板,spark-ignition engine 点燃式发动机 compression-ignition engine 压燃式发动机 storage battery 蓄电池 ignition coil 点火线圈 charging circuit 充电电路 combustion chamber 燃烧室 passenger compartment 乘客室，乘客舱 window defrost
7、er 风窗除霜器 motor oil 机油( =engine oil ) sheet metal 钢板，金属板,PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS,trunk deck 行李箱盖 multi-purpose van (MPV) 多用途厢式车 commercial vehicle 商用汽车 power train 传动系，动力装置 propeller shaft 传动轴 ( = drive shaft ) torque converter 液力变矩器 gear ratio 传动比 flexible joint 柔性接头 axle shaft 半轴 road wheel 车轮 brak
8、e lining 制动器摩擦衬片,The Basic Components of an Automobile Todays average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipments. Engine The engine acts as the power unit. Th
9、e internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the bur
10、ning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission 1.,All engines have fuel, exhaust, cooling, and lubrication systems. Gasoline engines also have an ignition system. The ignition system supplies
11、 the electric spark needed to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders. When the ignition switch is turned on, current flows from the 12-volt storage battery to the ignition coil. The coil boosts the voltage to produce the strong spark of 20,000 V needed to ignite the engine fuel. The automobile
12、 supplies all the electricity it needs through its electrical system. For example, the electrical system supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heater, and starter. The electricity level is maintained by a charging circuit.,The fuel system stores liquid fuel and delivers it to the engi
13、ne. The fuel is stored in the tank, which is connected to a fuel pump by a fuel line. The fuel is pumped from the fuel tank through the fuel lines. It is forced through a filter into the carburetor where it is mixed with air, or into the fuel injection system. The fuel is mixed with air to form a co
14、mbustible mixture in the carburetor, the manifold, or the cylinders themselves 2. The cooling system removes excessive heat from the engine. The temperature in engine combustion chambers is about 2,000( 1,094 ). Since steel melts at around 2,500(1,354), this heat must be carried away to prevent engi
15、ne damage. Air and a coolant are used to carry away the heat. The radiator is filled with a coolant. The water pump circulates this coolant through the hollow walls of the engine block and head. Constant circulation of the coolant through the engine and the radiator removes heat from the engine.,Heat also is removed by the radiator fan, which draws air through the narrow fins of the radiator. This system also supplies heat to the passenger compartment and the window defrosters. The lubrication system is important in keeping the engine running smoothly. Motor oil is the lubricant used i
