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1、人教课标版 高二 选修 8 Unit 1,英语课件,Useful words and expressions,Complete the chart with the new words from the text.,majority,hardship,racial,distinction,Italy,Korean,Pakistani,Danish,通过上面的表格的练习，我们可以发现词性的改变可以在其词根加上成分，单词的词性就会改变。这就是我们要学到的“后缀”。,Suffixation 后缀,A suffix is a particle, which is added to the end of
2、 a root. Suffixes do not change the meaning of the root, but its part of speech. e.g. lead (v.) leadership (n.) ill (adj.) illness (n.),Although each suffix has its own meaning, it cant be used separately without the root. However, some suffixes add new meanings to the newly formed words.,e.g. meani
3、ng meaningless think thinker,1. Suffixes used as a noun signifier,2. Suffixes used as an adjective signifier,3. Suffixes used as a verb signifier,Exercise: Complete these sentences, using new words form the text. 1. A _ country consists of a group of states. 2. That is the biggest of _ church I have
4、 ever seen. 3. The _ of us voted for Mr. Red, who then became chairman of the committee.,federal,Catholic,majority,4. The _ of Education is one of the government department. 5. The economic _ in recent years has created more job opportunities. 6. _ shaped like a boot lies in the south of Europe. 7.
5、We should draw a _ between right and wrong.,Ministry,boom,Italy,distinction,8. To make the crossing from Shandong to the Northeast, our ancestor suffered all kinds of _. 9. The people from South to North _ are called Korean. 10. Nobody knows who will be _ as president or vice president of this count
6、ry.,hardships,Korea,elected,Word study,Lets review the useful words and expressions in the passage.,adj. relating to all Christians or the whole Christian Church;,n. member of the Roman Catholic Church,v. make or prepare sth. by putting substances, etc together;,be able to be combined; make a suitab
7、le combination,n. mixing or being mixed; combination of two or more substances,n. the greater number or part; most,n. person who has come to love permanently in a foreign country,n. portion of every hundred,make a living,numerous, abundant, a great number of,Grammar,Look at the following clauses in
8、the sentences and think about what role do these clauses play in the sentences.,What attracts people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle. This is why each year a great number of people from all over the world try to immigrate to California. However, most applicants know that
9、they have very little chance of getting a visa.,主语,表语,宾语,1. 概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。,名词性从句,What he wants to tell us is not
10、clear. I believe (that) he is honest. The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker. The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词/从属连词that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
11、 连接副词: when, where, how, why,3. 不可省略的连词： 1) 介词后的连词 2) 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。,That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won.,Subject Clause (主语从句) Object Clause (宾语从句) Predicative Clause (表语从句),Noun clause,一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可 以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在 句末, 句首则用形式主语it。,That the
12、earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round.,主语从句的用法,2. Whether he will come hasnt been decided. = It hasnt been decided whether he will come. 注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分, 只起连接作用, 不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）,二、用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸
13、It is common knowledge that是常识 (2) It is形容词从句 (多用 should) It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是,(3) It is 不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎 (4) It is 过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说,It is certain that he will come.
14、It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. It doesnt matter whether I stay or not.,三、用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。 Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the
15、 interests of the people.,四、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分, 都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:,It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took pla
16、ce. It is John that broke the window.,五、what与that在引导主语从句时的区别 what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句 子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that则不 然, 即不担任成分。例如： What you said yesterday is right. That she is still alive is a consolation.,句子结构： 主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句 连接词: 从属连词that, whether, if 连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 where, how, why, when,宾语从句的用法,He has got a pen. I thin
