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1、Book 6 Module 5,subjuctive mood,2015.12,Would you mind if I opened the door?,I wish I had not done that.,语气,英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。,虚拟语气,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式， 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)； 一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (常用在名词性从句中)。 简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情
2、，就用虚拟语气来表述,虚拟语气的概念,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.He suggested we _(start) off early the next day. 2.Its high time you _ (go) there. 3.She made the demand that she _ (leave) at once. 4.How I wish I _(be) a bird and could fly freely in the sky! 5.I would rather you _ (pay) me now. 6.We insisted they _ (not be) prese
3、nt at such meeting. 7.If only I _ (have) an apartment of my own now! 8.John pretends as if he _ (not know) the thing at all, but in fact he knows it well.,should start,went / should go,should leave,were,paid,should not be,had,did not know,1. should + 动词原形的结构,表示命令、要求、建议等意义的词有关的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句中的动词使用s
4、hould + 动词原形，或者将should省略。 常见动词： 一个坚持：insist； 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, ask,Exercise Her pale face suggested that she should be ill. So I suggested that she should be sent to the hospital, but she insisted that she should not be ill.,_,was,_,was
5、 not,注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建议“ 或“坚持要某人做某事时“，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明“、“坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。,2.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法,1）wish /If only + 从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,would/could/might+V.,2）as if /though +从句,过去完成时,过去时,现在： 过去：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),3）would rather that -,现在/未来: 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,4)Its high time +that -,should +V.,
6、过去时,5)Would you mind if -,过去时,a. if真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。,b. if虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,If we have chances, we can have further cooperation.,If I have another chance, I will visit China again.,if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思,if条件从句 一般现在时,主句 will shall+动词原形 情态动词 + 动词原形,What will
7、you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will sleep at home if it rains tomorrow.,if虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,if 引导的虚拟条件句,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与将来事实可能相反,If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (别墅) for my parents.,与现在事实相反,If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the s
8、tudents get up a little later to get a better sleep.,与现在事实相反,?,在此处插入图片,if虚拟条件句,动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),would ( should / might / could )动词原形,1. If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (别墅) for my parents. 2. If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the students g
9、et up a little later to get a better sleep.,If the young man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.,与过去事实相反,If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.,与过去事实相反,If he had got up earlier , he could have caught
10、the train.,与过去事实相反,if虚拟条件句,had +动词的过去分词,1. If the yong man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009. If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years. 3. If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train.,woul
11、d ( should / might / could )have done,If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, ,与将来事实相反,if虚拟条件句,1、动词过去式 2、were to+ 动词原形 3、should +动词原形,would ( should / might / could )动词原形,If I met / were to meet / should meet Obama som
12、e day, I would shake hands with him.,总结： if虚拟条件句,1、动词过去式 2、were to+ 动词原形 3、should +动词原形,动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),would ( should / might / could ) 动词原形,had +动词的过去分词,would ( should / might / could )have done,would ( should / might / could ) 动词原形,（4+1）,Exercises,1.If everyone _ (know) first aid, many lives
13、 would be saved. 2.If I had taken money with me yesterday, I _(repair) my watch . 3.If you_ (come) tomorrow, I would go fishing with you.,knew,would have repaired,came/should come/were to come,1. If my father _ here now, he _ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; will C. had been; would D. is;
14、will 2. You didnt let me drive. If we_ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt get B. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get,Exercise,A,B,3. If it _ rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 4.-Would y
15、ou have called her up _ possible then? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would be,B,A,Exercise 5. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _. A. hadnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont 6.You didnt take my advice, so you failed in the exam. （改为虚拟语气）,A,If you had taken my advice ,you wouldnt have failed in the exam.,7. If the United States had built more hom
