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1、Unit 4,Language points,Unit 4 Earthquakes,1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.,right away: at once; in no time; immediately right now: at this very moment e.g. Make up your mind _. Ill return the book _.,right now,right away,2. In the city, the water pipes in some b
2、uildings cracked and burst.,【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，并试着总结burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。 1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water. 2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away.,3) Hearing the news, the woman burst into laughter. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised
3、 us. 5) There was a burst of laughter in the next room.,burst作_词，意思是_（句1）；常用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然起来（句3）；burst out doing突然（句4）。burst作_词，意思是_（句5），还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。,动,爆裂,名,突然一阵,用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。 1) The plane crashed and _ flames. 2) The dam _ beca
4、use of the heavy rain. 3) It looked as if Kate was about to _ _ tears. 4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.,burst out,burst into,burst,burst,into,3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!,1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though e.g. She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识 我似的。 2) as
5、 if 在表语从句中相当于that。 e.g. It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。,本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。 It seemed as if the world was at an end! = It seemed that the world was at an end!,at an end “finished”,at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合，到结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end意思“最
6、后、终于”。,at the end of by the end of in the end,1) His father will return home _ this year. 2) He will be a scientist _. 3) How many English words had you learned _ last term?,at the end of,in the end,by the end of,4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.,lie (lay, lain): to be, remai
7、n or be kept in a certain state,【寓词于境】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳ruin的意思及用法。 1) Numbers of people were buried under the ruins in the earthquake. 2) A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.,3) Several villages were ruined during the typhoon. 4) This heavy rain ruined our plan to go on a picn
8、ic this afternoon. 5) I have lost all my money in business and am now ruined.,【自我归纳】ruin既可作名词，也可作动词。 作名词，意为： _（句1）；毁 灭或破败状态（句2）。 作动词，意为：毁坏，毁灭（句3、句 4）；使破产（句5）。,废墟,【拓展】in ruins严重受损，破败不 堪。如： The houses across the street were in ruins.,ruin, destroy, damage, damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏” 或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动 词,
9、也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与 to something 连用。,e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁 灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。 e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town., ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但 往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的 打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的 事物的破坏。 e.g. The fire ruined the house.,The villag
10、e _ in ruins after the war. These machines have _ idle since the factory closed.,lay,lain,Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _.,destroyed,He _ his girl friends prospects.,ruined,Soft wood _ easily.,damages,An earthquake left the whole town _. His career is _.,in ruins,in ruins,5. Two-third
11、s of them died or were injured during the earthquake.,More than 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water. Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young. 以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。,is,are,请根据提示完成下列句子。 1) _ (三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls. 2) _ (五分之
12、三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night. 3) _ (一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company. 4) _ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.,One-third,are,Three-fifths,was washed,Half,are made,Most,was,injure hurt wound,injure: to hurt oneself / sb. / sth. ph
13、ysically,三者都可表示受伤，伤害。,injure 一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外伤”。,wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。,hurt可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。,Their criticisms _ him deeply. He was slightly _ in the car accident. He got _ in the fighting. What you said _ my feeling.,have hurt,injured,wounded,hurt,6. People were shocked.,shock v. “m
14、ake someone feel very surprised”,【寓词于境】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳shock的意思及用法。 1) They had been shocked to hear / learn that the hospital was closing down. 2) He was shocked at the news of Janes death.,3) He never recovered from the shock of his sons death. 4) The whole thing has come as such a shock to me. 5) The
15、 shock was felt miles away. 6) She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.,【自我归纳】shock既可作动词，也可作名词。 作动词，意为“使震惊，使惊骇”，常用于以下结构：shock sb. to hear / learn +从句（句1）；be shocked _ sth.（句2）。 作名词，意为： 给人打击的事，震惊，令人震惊的事 (句3和句4)（可构成短语come _ a shock）； 震动 (句5) ； 休克（句6）。,at,as,【拓展】shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的 shocking adj. 令人震惊的，极坏的,根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。 1. The news of his mothers death _ (使他非常震惊). 2. _ (我深感震惊) to hear that he had left for America. 3. His short stories always gave the readers _ (令人震惊的结尾).,w
