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1、专题五 短文改错 短文改错4步曲先看词法技法一 注意可数名词单复数，不可数名词要记清，谨防名词所有格(一)可数名词单复数1(2018全国卷)Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. 解析：chickenchickens短语dozens of“许多”，后面接可数名词复数，此处应用chicken的复数形式。2(2018全国卷)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sittin
2、g room. 解析：sortsortsall 修饰可数名词sort，应用其复数形式sorts。3(2018全国卷)At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” 解析：mistakemistakes根据语境可知，此处表示“从课本和错误中学习”，mistake是可数名词，错误不止一个，因此用复数形式。4(2017全国卷)The
3、instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！” 解析：wordwords根据“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！”可知，教练发出了三种指令，故用word的复数形式words。5(20166月浙江高考)When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. 解析：childrenchild根据主语I 和冠词a 可知，此处表示
4、“当我是个孩子时”，故用child的单数形式。6(2016全国卷)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 解析：yearyears根据“from 13 to 19”可知，year用其复数形式。7(2018太原阶段测评)It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effective communication. 解析：languagelanguages“one of可数名词复数”为固定用法，故此处应用
5、language的复数形式。8My favourite sport is swimming, so I decided to go swimming in the sea one afternoon with my friend, Wang Fei and Li Lei. 解析：friendfriends根据该句中的“Wang Fei and Li Lei”可知，作者和两个朋友一起去游泳了。friend为可数名词，故用复数形式。(二)熟记不可数名词不可加s或es9(2017全国卷)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the
6、 Internet. 解析：informationsinformationinformation为不可数名词，没有复数形式。10(2016全国卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 解析：knowledgesknowledgeknowledge意为“知识”，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。11(2018山西八校第一次联考)Whats more, Id like to do some houseworks so that my parents
7、can have a good rest. 解析：houseworkshouseworkhousework意为“家务”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。12(2018赣州十四县市联考)Looking back on the progresses that I have made so far, I really appreciate your support. 解析：progressesprogressprogress意为“进步，前进”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。(三)注意名词所有格13(2018全国卷)When I was little, Fridays night was our famil
8、y game night. 解析：FridaysFriday名词Friday修饰night，意为“星期五晚上”。14(2018福州质量检测)But with my teammates encouragement, I was able to communicate smoothly with them. 解析：teammatesteammates由语境“在我的队友们的鼓励下”可知，teammates作定语修饰encouragement，故用其所有格形式。15(2018江西五校第一次联考)In addition, the hostess cooking will guarantee you a
9、wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. 解析：hostesshostess这里指女主人的厨艺，应用名词所有格。技法二 代词务必梳理句意，分清句子成分是关键(一)前后逻辑要一致 1(2018全国卷)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me. They would say to us that playing card games would h
10、elp my brain. 解析：usme根据语境可知，谈话的宾语是“我”，故us应改为人称代词的宾格me。2(2017全国卷)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. 解析：allboth或去掉allMr.and Mrs.Zhang是两个人，应用both作同位语或去掉all。all指三者或三者以上。3(2016全国卷)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. 解析：yourselfmyself指代关系不一致，根据语境可知表示“我自己”，反身
11、代词应该与I一致，故把yourself改为myself。4(2016四川高考)Dad cleaned the house, and then went shopping.When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. 解析：herhis句意：爸爸打扫了房子，然后去购物。当他回来时，我发现他的手里拿了一束花。这里指爸爸的手里拿着花，故将her改为his。5(2018合肥市第一次质量检测)But when I saw many people enjoying myself in the water, my fear was re
12、ducing. 解析：myselfthemselvesenjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”。此处反身代词代指“many people”，故把myself改为themselves。 (二)仔细分析句子成分修饰名词常用形容词性物主代词，单独使用常用名词性物主代词，宾语常用代词的宾格；注意反身代词。6(2018全国卷)I had done myself homework, but I was shy. 解析：myselfmy/the此处意为“我的作业或这次作业”，homework应用形容词性物主代词my或定冠词the修饰。7When kids are confused about
13、their problems or difficulties, parents active involvement in growth can make a great difference. 解析：growth前加their此处表示父母积极参与他们(孩子)的成长过程有很大作用，故要在growth前加their(代替kids)以使语意更加明确。8(2018石家庄检测)I just kept feeling sorry for me.However, after a few days, I decided not to let one single loss keep me from doin
14、g what I love. 解析：第一个memyself句子的主语是I，“我”为“我自己”感到难过，故要用反身代词。(三)牢记两组代词区别many代替可数名词，much代替不可数名词；表示“别的；另外的；其他的”用other，表示“(三者或三者以上)另外的一个”用another。9(2018全国卷)The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. 解析：anotherotheranother“又一，再一”，后接单数可数名词；复数可数名词前用other“其他的，别的”，此处表示“有狗、鸭子，还有其他的动物”，所以应该用other。10(2016全国卷)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 解析：manymuch此处应用代词much指代much money，作动词cost的宾语；many通常指代可数名词复数
