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1、Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 3知识点汇编一、重点词汇（一） 词形转换 1. homeless(名词) homelessness 2fair (反义词) unfair 2. excited (动词) excite 3. disobey (反义词) obey 4. succeed (名词) success (形容词) successful 5. French (国家) France (公民) Frenchman（二） 重点短语1. help homeless people 帮助无家可归的人2. in need 需要（食物和钱）3. decide on (doin
2、g ) sth. 决定（做）某事4. provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物5. come for a visit 来参观；来看一看6. be successful in (doing) sth. 成功地做了某事7. get/find jobs 获得/ 找到工作8. feel good about oneself 自我感觉良好9. take drugs 吸毒10. give sb. a good chance to do sth. 给某人做某事的一次好机会11. end the war 结束战争12. live a happy life 过着幸福的生活13. smile o
3、n ones face 脸上露出笑容14. Project Hopes 希望工程15. at home and abroad 在国内外16. in poor areas 在贫困地区17. receive a good education 受到良好的教育二、重点句型1. It trains them so that they can find jobs again. 培训他们以便他们能再次找到工作。2. I think it is important for these people to feel good about themselves. 我认为对于这些人来说自我感觉良好是很重要的。3.
4、, you will get used to it. 你会习惯它的。4. You must come for a visit. 你一定来参观一下。5. Then you can see New York for yourself. 然后你可以自己看一看纽约。6. If anyone takes drugs or disobey the other rules, he cant stay in the program.如果有人吸毒或者违反其它规定，他就不可以呆在培训中心。7. The money is used for childrens education in poor area.这些资金被
5、用来资助贫困地区儿童接受教育的。8. With the money, it has built thousands of schools and libraries and trained 2300 teachers.利用这些钱，希望工程建立了数以千计的学校和图书馆并且培养了2300名老师。三、重点语言点 1. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them. 他们一旦发现有人需要帮助，就选定适当的方式来帮助他们。 a) once 是从属连词，表“一旦就”,它的从句为现在时态(包括一般
6、现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)，主句则为一般将来时。或者主从句均为过去的某种时态。如： Once you become interested in playing computer games, youll have trouble giving them up. 一旦你迷上了电脑游戏，你就很难放弃它。 Once he arrives here, he will know the whole thing. 一旦他到这儿，他就会知道整件事的。 She told him once she arrived, she would call him. 她告诉他一旦她到了，她会打电话给他。 b) dec
7、ide on (doing ) sth. 决定（做）某事， 相当于 decide to do sth. 如：They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan. 他们决定在海南度假。= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan. 2. The government provides homeless people with nice homes. 政府向无家可归的人们提供舒适的住处。 provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物 The schoo
8、l provided the students with food. 这所学校为学生们提供食物。 = The school provided food for the students.3. I think its a wonderful place to live in. 我认为那是一个居住的好地方。 to live in 是动词不定式，用来修饰前面的名词place. 在不定式中，如动词为不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后必须跟上相应的介词。 如： There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的事。 I need
9、a pen to write with. 我需要一只笔写字。4. It is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives. 它很出名是因为它已经成功地帮助无家可归的人重新过上正常的生活。 be successful in doing sth. 成功地做成某事， 相当于 succeed in doing sth. 如： He was successful in passing the exam. 他成功地通过了考试。 They were successful
10、in climbing Mount Huang. 他们成功地登上了黄山。5In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan. 在近十六年来，希望工程已筹集了大约30亿元。 in the past + 若干时间，表“近若干时间来”，用于现在完成时。如： They have learnt about 500 English words in the past two months. 近两个月来，他们已经学习了大约500个英语单词。 You have grown up a lot in the past t
11、hree years. 近三年来，你们长大了许多。四、重点语法 （一） 直接引语和间接引语 在引用别人原话时，被引用的部分称为直接引语；如： “What are you reading,Jane?” Maria asked.当用自己的话转述别人的话时，被转述部分称为间接引语。如：Maria asked Jane what she was reading.直接引语和间接引语可互相转换，但要注意以下几个变化：1 直接引语变为间接引语时，引导词要根据句子类型的不同有所变化。1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，引导词用that或省略。如：She said, “Im very glad to ha
12、ve such a chance.”She said (that) she was very glad to have such a chance.2）如果是一般疑问句时，则用whether或 if。如：Maria asked Jane, “Can they get good food and medicine?”Maria asked Jane whether/ if they could get good food and medicine.3）如果是特殊疑问句时，则用相应的疑问词what, where, which, how等。如：Maria asked Jane, “ What are
13、 you reading?”Maria asked Jane what she was reading.4）如果是祈使句时，则多用动词ask, tell, order引导的不定式结构。如：Mother said to me, “ Try again.” Mother asked me to try again.“ Dont be afraid”, Tom said to Dick.Tom told Dick not to be afraid.2 语序的变化：若是从句，一律为陈述语序。3 时态的变化。1）主句为现在或将来时态时，间接引语的时态不变；如：He says, “Im tired.” H
14、e says he is tired.He will say, “ The boy was lazy.” He will say the boy was lazy.2）主句为过去时态时，间接引语则一般都有改成相应的过去时态，但表示自然科学和真理之类的仍以现在时出现。如：He said, “Im sorry.” He said he was sorry.The teacher told us, “The earth moves around the sun.” The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.4 人称的变化。如：The teacher said, “John, you must bring your book to the class.” T
