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1、课后分层集训Unit 2Language (A卷).阅读理解A(2017成都高三二诊)Facebook chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg and Anna Maria Chavez，chief of Girl Scouts of the USA，are leading a campaign to discourage the use of the word “bossy”Does the term destroy the confidence of young girls?The campaign claims that terms like “b
2、ossy” are improperly applied to females，preventing schoolgirls from seeing themselves as future “leaders”From its first application，the word has been definitely connected more with women than with men.It first appeared in 1882，according to the Oxford English Dictionary，mentioning “a lady manager who
3、 was extremely bossy”As later as 2008，the word appeared in reference to females four times more often than males，claim the Ban Bossy campaigners.“To men，the reference is always in association with women，”says Helen Trim，director of FreshMinds.“I have three brothers and my family still call me bossy
4、today.” Her father is the only other family member who could be considered in that way，says Trim，but nobody would ever call him so.Some educators recommend that the word should be reclaimed，rather than banned.“But the thing with bossy is that theres an infantile (幼稚的) element to it，” says Sara Mills
5、，professor at Sheffield University.“You think of bossy as being like a little kid whos claiming more than he has the right to claim.”Its not just “bossy” under_fire“Pushy” is another target.The implication is that women shouldnt present themselves as powerful and confident，Mills suggests，which some
6、women are willing to listen to and accept.Trim points out that many modern female business role models are able to be bosses without being labeled “bossy”And she rarely，if ever，hears the word used within her company.But she says that the damage may be done much earlier in a womans life.“It does come
7、 about from those early teenage years，” she says.“I think its impossible to ban a word，but if people are replacing it with words like confidence or assertiveness，we would all be in a much better place.”【语篇解读】本文讲述了Facebook的首席运营官谢丽尔桑德伯格和美国女童子军首席执行长安娜玛利亚查韦斯二人最新发起的Ban Bossy运动不鼓励使用“专横”这个词描述女性，旨在鼓励培养女性的领导
8、力。1More evidence is provided to show “bossy” is more applied to females by _Athe Oxford English DictionaryBthe Ban Bossy campaignersCHelen Trim at FreshMindsDsome experts in educationB细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As later as 2008，the word appeared.claim the Ban Bossy campaigners”可知，选B。2Trims family still consider
9、her bossy because _Ashe is expected to lead in her familyBshe is the boss of her companyCshe is a powerful and confident femaleDher father considers her that wayC推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，“bossy”这个词主要用来指女性，并以Helen Trim为例进行说明；结合文章最后一段内容可推知，Trim强大并且自信，所以家人才说她专横。故选C。3The underlined part “under fire” most probab
10、ly means “_”Adefinitely replacedBstrongly criticizedCimproperly appliedDeagerly expectedB词义猜测题。根据空后的“Pushy is another target”并结合上文中的Ban Bossy运动不鼓励使用“bossy”这个词描述女性可知，画线词意为“遭受强烈批评”。故选B。4How does the author sound when referring to the campaign against “bossy”？AObjective.BAngry.CDoubtful.DOptimistic.A推理
11、判断题。本文只是在叙述Facebook的首席运营官谢丽尔桑德伯格和美国女童子军首席执行长安娜玛利亚查韦斯二人最新发起的Ban Bossy运动，并未陈述作者个人的观点，故作者的态度是“客观的(objective)”。故选A。B(2017湖北沙市中学高三上学期考试)Suppose you become a leader in an organization.Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities.To do so，it should help to un
12、derstand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer.Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example，people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishnes
13、s，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs，people may not wish to participate.To select volunteers，you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are req
14、uired to do so.To increase levels of community service，some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately，these programs can shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g.，“I volunteer because its important to me”) to an external factor ( eg.，“I volunteer becau
15、se Im required to do so”)When that happens，people become less likely to volunteer in the future.People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer，what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question，resea
16、rchers have conducted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance，one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year.One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.Although this res
