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1、阅读理解词义猜测题高考频度： 难易程度：1. （2017浙江卷）Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benja
2、min decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing
3、.The cats lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画） by an artist. These were the first pictures and first
4、 real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gav
5、e Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only
6、a little, having been a poor student. But he later said,Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an ar
7、tist.21. What is the text mainly about?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。21. 2.A scientist working at her lab bench and
8、 a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing.right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists (心理学家)have argued that t
9、his play is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用):
10、bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on
11、this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the babys investigation and the scientists experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my ob
12、servations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, an
13、d finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesnt like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light o
14、n how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world is simply something that comes from our
15、 babyhood. Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may
16、have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through childrens play.B. Studying babiesplay may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D.
