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1、Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.一、 教学目标1.语言目标Learn to narrate past events学会描述过去所发生的事情。2、知识目标Learn to express something with Past Perfect Tense. 学习使用过去完成时态。 3、能力目标 Strengthen the consciousness of doing things regularly做事加强连续性，有条不紊。二、重点知识1、重点单词rush, lock, empty, describe, f
2、armer, marry基本要求：会读、会写、会用。2、重点短语go off, run off, on time, give sb. a ride, break down, show up, set off, get married, a piece of基本要求：会读、会写、会用。3、重点语法（1）Past Perfect tense(过去完成时的用法): （2）“By the time”和“when”引导的时间状语从句基本要求：理解其含义，学以致用。三、导学案Section A 例析导学1. When I got to school, I realized I had left my ba
3、ckpack at home. (P76)我到学校时才发现把书包落在家了。 left是leave的过去式，在此处意为“遗忘”，“忘记”，后面常有地点状语。Li Min left his dictionary in the reading-room yesterday. 昨天李民把词典忘在阅览室里了。【拓展】forget作“遗忘”解时，后面没有“遗忘”的地点。I have forgotten the book. 我忘记拿书了。2. My alarm clock didnt go off, and by the time I woke up, my father had already gone
4、into the bathroom and I had to wait for him to come out. (P78)我的闹钟坏了，因此等我醒来的时候，我父亲已经进去洗澡了，我只好等他出来。go off 是“（闹钟）闹响”的意思，即“发出声音”。The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off. 防盗警报器一响，窃贼立刻逃走了。3. I started walking, but I knew I couldnt get to school on time.我开始步行，但我知道我已经不能按时到达学校了。start to do sth和
5、start doing sth都表示“开始做某事”，常可相互替换。At the age of 12, he started writing his own newspaper.= At the age of 12, he started to write his own newspaper.他十二岁时，开始编写自己的报纸。4. Luckily, my friend Tony and his dad came by in his dads car and they gave me a ride. 幸运的是，我的朋友托尼和他的爸爸乘他爸爸的小车过来了，带了我一程。(1)luckily是个副词，意为
6、“幸运地，有运气地”，在句中常用作状语。Luckily, he didnt hurt himself when he fell. 算他运气好，跌倒了没有受伤。Luckily, she was in when I called. 真走运，我打电话时她正好在。(2)give sb a ride意为“让人搭便车”，其中ride是名词。Please give me a ride to my school, Im going to be late.请把我带到学校去，我要迟到了。If you go to station, I can give you a ride. 如果你去车站，我可以带你一程。5. W
7、hen I got to school, the final bell was ringing. I only just made it to my class.我到学校的时候，上课铃正在响。我刚好正点赶到教室上课。 made it 意为“成功了，做成了”。这里指的是没有迟到，准时到达。例如：Have you got the job? 你得到那份工作了吗？Yes, I made it是的，我成功了。6. Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? (P78)你是否曾经忘记将作业带到学校了呢？ever在这里是“曾经”的意思,
8、常用于现在完成时里，询问对方是否有过某种经历。 Have you ever been to London? 你曾经去过伦敦吗？【拓展】(1)ever用于一般疑问句、否定句以及表示条件或比较的从句中，意为“在（以往）任何时候”，“从来”，“在某时”等。例如：Nowadays he hardly ever comes. 最近他几乎不来了。None of us will ever forget that exciting scene. 我们大家永远都不会忘记那个令人激动的场面。(2)ever用于特殊疑问句中，意为“究竟、到底”。 例如：Which ever do you want? 你究竟要哪一个？
9、When ever did you lose it? 你究竟什么时候丢失这个东西的？(3)ever用于含有最高级的从句中，可用来加强语气。例如：Li Siguang is the greatest scientist that ever lived.李四光是古今最伟大的科学家。1Ive never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close我上学从未迟到过，但是昨天差一点儿就迟到了。be late for 意为“迟到”，for为介词，所以其后须跟名词。例如：Dont be late for the meeting开会别迟到了。Ji
10、m was late for school again吉姆上学又迟到了。Tom has been late for classes twice.汤姆上课已经迟到两次了。（3）close在此为副词“接近地，靠近地”。此外came very close意为“到时与迟到很接近”。4My alarm clock didnt go off, 闹钟没有大响go off 意为“爆发，大响”。例如：Although the alarm clock went off, he didnt wake up虽然闹钟大响，但是他还是没有醒来。与go有关的词组还有：（1）go in for“参加”（竞赛、考试）；（作为嗜
11、好、工作）“爱好”。例如：She goes in for birdwatching她爱好赏鸟。（2）go on“进行，继续”。例如：Please go on请继续。（3）go on doing sth 或go on with sth“继续做”。例如：He went on working without having a rest他一直工作，没停下来休息过。（4）go over“调查，视察；越过”。例如：You must go over your lessons before the exam考试前你必须复习。and I had to wait for him to come out我不得不等他
12、出来。（2）wait 是不及物动词“等待，等候”的意思。可以用于词组wait for sb“等某人”，wait to do sth“等着做某事”，wait for sb to do sth“等某人做某事”。例如：Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁？They cant wait to open the presents他们迫不及待地打开礼物。You can wait for him to help you你可以等着他帮你。专项练习：一、根据汉语提示完成句子:1. _ _ _ (到的时候) she got up, her brother had already gone i
13、nto the bathroom.2. Mum often tells me not _ _ _ _ (迟到) school.3. My clock didnt _ _ (发出响声)，so I _ (睡过了头)。4I _ _ _ _( 匆忙洗澡) and had some breakfast.5. Well have a meeting at 9 oclock tomorrow. Could you please come _ _ (准时，按时)？二、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1 By the time my parents got home yesterday, I _ (cook) the
14、 dinner already.2. By eleven oclock yesterday, we _ (arrive) at the airport.3. I saw Li Ping yesterday. We _ (not see) each other for five years.4. When I got up, my father _ (leave) home.5. When I got to the party, everyone _ (go) home. 句析导学1By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.当我出去时
15、，公交车已经开走了。本句使用的是过去完成时（Past perfect Tense），下面讲一讲过去万城市的用法。构成：had过去分词（had没有人称和数的变化）过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。既然过去完成时的动作发生在过去某一时间之前，那么，使用过去完成时就必须先有这样一个过去的时间。egI had finished my homework before supper 我在晚饭前把作业做完了。句中的supper既是过去某一时间，而had finished 这一动作就是在supper 之前完成的。如果只说I had finished my homework听者会觉得难以理解。由此可见，过去完成时是个相对的时态，它不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。egBy t
