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1、单元检测（十七）Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China.阅读理解ACalled “the man who shaped America” and “the father of modern industrial design”， Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time. He revolutionized the industry, working as an adviser for more than 200 companies
2、 and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators, from cars to the insides of spaceships.Loewys designs all had one thing in common. They were shaped by the MAYA principle Most Advanced Yet Acceptable. His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the s
3、olutions are too different from current designs.Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by redesigning a copying machine for the British manufacturer, Sigmund Gestetner. The 28yearold designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years.T
4、he Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining (流线型). He described this as “beauty through function and simplification”. He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos (商标) to the insides of stores. The famous Greyhoun
5、d bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action.He is perhaps most famous for his redesign of the Lucky Strike packaging. In 1940, the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company, George Washington Hill, bet Loewy 50,000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green a
6、nd red Lucky Strike packets. Loewy accepted the challenge. He changed the background of the packet from green to white. Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet. This made it more eyecatching and greatly increased sales. It is now recognized as a design classic.Loewys logo
7、 design aimed at “visual retention (视觉保持)”. He wanted to make sure that anyone who saw the logo, even for a short while, would never forget it. He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil, Exxon, Greyhound and Nabisco.By the mid 20th century, his industrial design fi
8、rm was so famous that he could say “the average person, leading a normal life . is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things, services or structures” designed by his firm.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了20世纪最著名的美国工业设计师之一与美国工业奠基人雷蒙德罗维。1Loewys biggest influence was in _.Acompletely changing the design
9、 industryBsuccessfully shaping Americans tasteCchanging peoples idea about designDbuilding a professional design team解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the father of modern industrial design”和“one of the most influential designers of all time”以及“He revolutionized the industry”可知，雷蒙德罗维完全改变了设计行业。2Loewys designs were
10、based on the idea of _.Aspeeding up the design processBproviding completely different designsCproviding most immediately recognizable designsDoffering original but not revolutionary answers to problems解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段可知，罗维的设计都基于一个原则：最先进的但仍可接受的。3Loewy first used streamlining _.Ain his redesign of the
11、 Lucky Strike packagingBwhen he designed a company logo for the GestetnerCwhen he redesigned a copying machine for GestetnerDin his design for the Greyhound bus and Studebaker car解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining(流线型)”可知，罗维受委托为
12、一位企业家Sigmund Gestetner重新设计复印机，他首次采用“流线、简单化”的设计理念。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?ALoewy provided service to ordinary people.BLoewys designs were famous and influential.CLoewys design firms existed all over the world.DLoewy was welcomed and respected by the public.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，一个普通人
13、每日都会接触雷蒙德洛威公司的设计作品，由此可推知，雷蒙德罗维公司的设计作品非常著名，而且极富影响力。BIn the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery in 1820. Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross. She was to become Harriet Tubman. She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.From the age of five, Harriet Tu
14、bmans owners made her work very hard. First, she cared for the child of the farm owner. Then, she did hard work on large farms.Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right. Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.One suc
15、h act changed her life when she was 13 years old. Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt. For the rest of her life, Tubmans head wound caused problems for her.When she was about 25 years old，Harriet married a free blac
16、k man named John Tubman. But she was still a slave. Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape. She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North. Tubman became a free woman.But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South. So she travelled back to help them escape as well. Then, she made many trips
