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1、2019年资料03精讲课时语法语法预备役动名词判断下列句子中的动名词在句中的语法功能1. The classic advertisement is one that gives information about finding certain products.()答案：介词宾语2. Because of the advertising boom, people are used to seeing high standards of visual design.()答案：介词宾语3. .the main purpose of the advertisement is making cust
2、omers spend money.()答案：表语4. The top advertisers of today believe that using humour as well as new and unusual ideas to surprise people is important in modern advertisements.()答案：主语语法讲座动名词由“动词ing”构成，是一种非谓语动词形式。动名词具有动词的特征，在句中起名词的作用，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。一、动名词的时态和语态(以write为例)时态主动语态被动语态一般时writingbeing writ
3、ten完成时having writtenhaving been written注：其否定形式是在doing前加上not。Thank you for having taken so much trouble to help.谢谢你费力帮忙。I dont like being laughed at in public.在公共场合下，我不喜欢被别人嘲笑。二、动名词的语法功能动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。1. 动名词作主语(1)动名词作主语时多表示经常性的、习惯性的动作，且谓语用单数形式。Collecting information about childrens h
4、ealth is his job.收集儿童健康状况的信息是他的工作。名师点睛动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时的情况也是如此。Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Be careful! To play with fire will be dangerous.小心点！玩火会带来危险。(指一具体动作)(2)形式主语it代替动名词作主语。常见句式：It is/feels funny doing sth.做某事很滑稽。Its a waste of time doing sth
5、.做某事是浪费时间。Its useless/worthwhile/worth doing sth.做某事没用/值得/值得。Its no good/no use/no fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思。It is worthwhile reading such a wonderful novel.读这样一部精彩的小说很值得。It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.为这种事情和他争论没有用。2. 动名词作表语动名词作表语时句子的主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系
6、，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。Your task is cleaning the windows. (Cleaning the windows is your task)你的任务就是擦窗户。What I hate most is being laughed at. (Being laughed at is what I hate most)我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。辨析：现在分词作表语与动名词作表语现在分词说明主语的性质、特征、状态等，主语和表语不可以互换位置动名词解释主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可以互换My job is interesting.我的工作很有趣。(现在分词)My j
7、ob is teaching.我的工作是教学。(动名词)3. 动名词作宾语(1)作动词的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住：避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)建议完成多练习(advise, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind)Do you mind passing me that dictionary?你介意递给我那本词典吗？H
8、e admitted having broken the window.他承认打破了窗户。(2)英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动名词作宾语。常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth 等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。名师点睛有些动词后面加动名词和不定式均可，但
9、意义不同：remember, forget, regret, mean, try, stop, go on。(1)在remember, forget, regret后跟v.ing形式时，v.ing形式表示动作发生在上述动词表示的动作之前；上述动词后跟不定式时，不定式表示的动作发生在上述动词表示的动作之后。(2)mean后接不定式时，意为“决意，打算”；mean后接v.ing形式时，意为“意味着，表明”。(3)try后接不定式时，意为“努力，设法”；try后接v.ing形式时，意为“尝试，试用”。I regret accepting your advice.我后悔听了你的建议。(accept发生
10、在regret之前)I regret to tell you that I wont accept your advice.我十分遗憾地告诉你，我不能接受你的意见。(tell发生在regret之后)4. 动名词作定语动名词作定语常置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰词的某种用途或性能。a walking sticka stick (which is used) for walking拐杖a washing machinea machine (which is used) for washing洗衣机a reading rooma room (which is used) for reading阅览室辨
11、析：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语动名词动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途，其间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系现在分词现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行This passage can be used as listening materials.这篇文章可以被用作听力材料。(动名词)As we all know, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。(现在分词)三、动名词的复合结构1. 动名词的复合结构作主语。(1)形容词性物主代词动名词(2)名词所有格动名词Their coming to
12、 help was a great encouragement to us.他们前来帮忙对我们来说是个巨大的鼓舞。2. 动名词的复合结构作宾语。(1)形容词性物主代词动名词(2)名词所有格动名词(3)人称代词宾格动名词(4)名词动名词Do you mind my/me opening the door?你介意我打开门吗？I cant imagine Marys/Mary marrying such a young man.我无法想象玛丽竟然嫁给了这么一个年轻人。强化印证用所给词的适当形式填空1. I dont mind _ (the children, play) in the garden,
13、 but I cant have them walking over my flowers.答案：the children (s) playing2. I hate _ (look) at when I am doing lessons.答案：being looked3. The boy was afraid of _ (leave) alone in the room at night.答案：being left4. Something has been done to prevent workers from _ (injure) when they are working.答案：bein
14、g injured5. I cant understand _ (they, forbid) to go to the meeting.答案：their/them being forbidden6. He couldnt stand _ (make) fun of when his wife was present.答案：being made7. This novel is not worthy of _ (make) into a film.答案：being made8. The patient insisted on _ (operate) on even if there was lit
15、tle hope of success.答案：being operated9. He regretted _ (make) the decision too hastily.答案：having made10. _ (he, tell) a lie made his mother quite angry.答案：His telling考点研讨 1. His_(elect) our chairman made us think of a lot.答案研讨：being elected句意：他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。根据句意可知应用动名词的被动，故填being elected。2. As Jack left hi
