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1、专题十 定语从句,一、关系词的用法 1whose用来指人或物，在定语从句中只作定语。 I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help I would never have got this far.(2012天津高考) A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.(2014山东高考) 2who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 Families of those
2、who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.(2014新课标),3which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist？(2014新课标) The shoes are made from specially produced recycled paper which stands high pressure and temper
3、ature but they wont tear forever.(2014湖南高考),4关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 Literature，classic literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment.(2014福建高考) The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies.,【悟一悟参透误区】 先行
4、词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. Shes in a hopeless situation，where we will keep a very close eye on her.,5the way后面定语从句的关系词 在定语从句中，the way 是一个比较特殊的先行词，当它在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in whi
5、ch，that或省略关系词；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。 The way that/which I thought of to solve this problem proves to be practical.(先行词作宾语) I dont like the way (that/in which) you solve the problem.(先行词作方式状语),二、“介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句 1在“介词关系代词”结构中，介词的宾语只能是which或whom且不可省略。 In the dark street，there wasnt a
6、single person to whom she could turn for help. He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree. 2“介词which/whom不定式”结构。 The poor man has no house in which to live.,3“ofwhich/whom”表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of which uses it diffe
7、rently.(2014天津高考),三、as，which引导的定语从句 1as引导的定语从句 用在the same.as，such.as，as.as，so.as结构中，as可以作主语、宾语或表语，可以用来代替先行词。 They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.(as作主语) These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语) He is not the same man as he was.(as作表语)
8、,【悟一悟参透误区】 (1)such.as.(定语从句)像那样 such.that.(状语从句)如此以至于 This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定语从句) This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(状语从句) (2)the same.as.表示相似的东西 the same.that.表示同一人或物 This is the same knife as I lost. This is the same knife that I lost.,2关系代词as，which的区别 (1)
9、as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。 I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.(2014北京高考),(2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。 As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. It is known to every
10、body that the moon travels round the earth once every month.(名词性从句) What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.(名词性从句),(3)as意为“正如”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等； which意为“这一点”。 A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses，as ha
11、s happened in Libya. Tom has made rapid progress，which makes me very happy.,四、分隔式定语从句 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有时候也会被插入语、同位语、状语、谓语或其他定语等成分分隔。如果是隔开了的定语从句，则要先根据句意找到先行词，然后再进行句子结构分析。 Because of the financial crisis，days are gone when local 5star hotels charged 6，000 yuan for one night.,学以致用 .用适当的关系词填空(每空一词) 1(2
12、014安徽高考)The exact year _ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 2(2014福建高考)Students should involve themselves in community activities_they can gain experience for growth. 3(2014江苏高考)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work _ a good impression is a
13、must.,4(2014江西高考)Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face，probably the greatest of all is fog. 5(2014陕西高考)Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position. 6(2014四川高考)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，_is quite unexpected. 7(2014浙江高考)
14、I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.,8(2014重庆高考)Well reach the sales targets in a month_we set at the beginning of the year. 9(2014湖南高考)I am looking forward to the day_my daughter can read this book and know my
15、feelings for her. 10(2013广东高考)Those_do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society. 11(2013广东高考)_we all know，cleaning streets is one of the hardest jobs.,12(2013四川高考)My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud，_he thinks will help im
16、prove my memory. 13I will never forget the days_we worked in the small town. 14She was educated at Beijing University，_she went to have her advanced study abroad. 答案 1.which 2.where 3.where 4.which 5.that 6.which 7.when 8.which 9.when 10.who 11.As 12which 13.when 14.after which,.用which，as填空 1Ted came for the wee
