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1、动词的时态和语态一、单句填空1(2015北京，22改编)Did you enjoy the party?Yes，We_(treat) well by our hosts.答案：were treated根据上下文，这里谈的是举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，并且“我们”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：你喜欢这个聚会吗？是的，我们的主人很好地招待了我们。2(2015北京，26改编)In the last few years，China_(make) great achievements in environmental protection.答案：has made时间状语in/o
2、ver the last few years通常与现在完成时连用。句意：在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。3(2015北京，30改编)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I_(call) him later.答案：will call据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意：Dr. Jackson现在不在办公室。好的，我待会再给他打。4(2015天津，6改编)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this aftern
3、oon because she_(teach) a class at that time.答案：will be teaching根据题干时间状语3 oclock this afternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的at that time为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。5(2015天津，9改编)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement_(reach) so far by the two sides.答案：has been reached本句中的时间状语so
4、 far表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reach no agreement短语中no agreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填has been reached。6(2015陕西，22改编)Marty _(work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.答案：has been working由后文提示hell have finished it by Friday可知，work动作发生在过去，延续到现在，现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时态。句意：马蒂一直在非常
5、认真地写书，他认为他在周五前将会完成。7(2015安徽，24改编)Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I _(leave) my book in the cafe.答案：had left“我把书忘在了咖啡馆”发生在“我意识到这件事”之前，而“我意识到”是发生在过去的一个动作，故“忘记”应用过去完成时。8(2015安徽，29改编)It is reported that a space station _(build) on the moon in years to come.答案：will be built时间状语in years to com
6、e(在将来的几年里)，故主语从句的时态用一般将来时；太空站是被建造，用被动语态。9(2015浙江，8改编)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he _(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.答案：would be主句时态是过去时，从句动作在过去的时间上看是将来的事情，故用过去将来时。10(2015湖南，22改编)As you go through this book, you _(find) that each
7、of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.答案：will find一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时会出现表示将来时的时间状语，若不出现时间状语，要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现数百万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。11(2015湖南，28改编)He must have sensed that I _(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said qu
8、ietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”答案：was looking题干中没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must thave sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？”12(2015湖南，32改编)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but_(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.答
9、案：was held被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back阻隔，隐瞒。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。13(2015四川，4改编)More expressways_(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.答案：will be built根据题干中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速
10、公路以促进当地经济的发展。14(2015重庆，1改编)Is Peter coming?No，he _(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.答案：changed句意：Peter来吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。15(2015重庆，13改编)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(be) cut.答案：has been表
11、示动作已经发生或完成用现在完成时。句意：在我的家乡，收麦过后农民会举行一个丰收晚宴。16(2015福建，26改编)To my delight，I _(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.答案：was chosen主语I与choose之间为动宾关系；再由语境可知，choose的动作已经完成，故要用一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从数百名参与者中选中参加开幕式。17(2015福建，30改编)Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere.He went
12、to the library after breakfast and _(write) his essay there ever since.答案：has been writing由句子中的时间状语ever since可知，本句要用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态。由语境可知，write动作现在还在进行，要用现在完成进行时态。句意：皮特呢？我到处找不到他。他早饭后去图书馆了。自那之后就一直在那儿写文章。18(2015江苏，30改编)The real reason why prices_(be), and still are，too high is complex, and no short d
13、iscussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.答案：were根据语境，prices.still are，too high，推出前一空是想说明prices过去也高。故用过去式。该题中still是关键。句意：价格过去高，现在仍旧太高的原因很复杂，短暂的讨论是不能令人满意地解释这个问题的。19(2015四川成都七中段考改编)The young firefighter insisted that he _(be) wellprepared and _(send) there to put out the fire.答案：was；(should) b
14、e sent句意为：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，故第一空填was；当insist意为“坚持”时，从句谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”，又因为firefighter与send之间为被动关系，故填(should) be sent。20(2015浙江金华十校联考改编)Many parents dont want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it _(be) in their school days.答案：was句意为：(尽管)许多父
15、母不愿意去面对，但今天的世界与他们在学校的岁月已大不相同。根据语境及时间状语in their school days可知用一般过去时。二、单句改错1(2015云南师大附中适应性月考).took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.答案：introduced前加washe与introduce是被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，故加上was。2(2015河北唐山一中期中)Today is Sunday. At about 9：00 am., I go to the bookstore with my friends.答案：go改为went由前面提供的时间状语判断句子用一般过去时，故改为went。3(2015河北唐山一中期中) Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.答案：去掉been句子的主语即为非谓语动词see的逻辑主语，二者之间是主动关系，
