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1、Contents,Reading Skills,Text B,Test Yourself,Reading Skills,自测,课文,Like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better ability in reading.,This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.,Finding out Word Meanings,Hi, ev
2、eryone. Weve come to Section B. This section deals with Reading Skills wherein we will introduce several important reading skills one by one. You should take care to read the explanation of each specific skill, which has been written in clear, easy-to-understand words. And through Reading Passage B
3、we will let you see how each skill is applied to a particular passage.,随 笔,Practice,to be continued,Experienced readers know how to guess or figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words through contextual cluesusually found in the words surrounding the unknown words. In order to make meanings clear, g
4、ood writers often provide or give such clues for readers. It is always a good idea to learn to recognize such clues you might come across in your reading.,随 笔,to be continued,Practice,So, when we are looking for the major detail of a paragraph, we have, first, to learn to read for the main idea of t
5、he paragraph. When we have found all the facts and details that help to add up to the main idea of the paragraph, we can separate the major detail from less important details.,随 笔,to be continued,Practice,The most commonly seen contextual clues include:,随 笔,Definition (释义法),Examples (举例法),Synonyms (
6、同义词),Antonyms (反义词),Word Stems (词干) and Affixes (词缀),General Sense of a Sentence (句义分析),to be continued,Practice,Some words or phrases give the definition of an unknown word, usually by using punctuation (标点符号).,Desalination, or the removal of salt from seawater, is a method of providing fresh water
7、 for business, home, and agricultural use.,“The removal of salt from seawater” is the definition of “desalination”.,随 笔,to be continued,Definition (释义法),Example,Practice,Examples relating to the unknown word, usually introduced with “for example, for instance, such as, including”.,As they moved west
8、ward, they faced many adversities, such as scarce food, extreme weather, and loneliness.,The examples of “scarce food, extreme weather, and loneliness” tell you that “adversities” means “hardships”.,随 笔,Examples (举例法),Example,to be continued,Practice,One or more words that mean the same or almost th
9、e same as the unknown word.,Cellphones have become ubiquitous; you can see and hear them everywhere.,The synonym “everywhere” tells you the meaning of “ubiquitous”.,随 笔,Synonyms (同义词),Example,to be continued,Practice,Words or phrases that mean the opposite of an unknown word.,My sister thinks it is
10、futile to study hard the night before an exam, but I find it quite useful.,The word “useful” contrasts with “futile”, which means “not useful”, or “useless”.,随 笔,to be continued,Antonyms (反义词),Example,Practice,Word stems and affixes are important clues in guessing the meaning of unknown words.,Busin
11、esses are redesigning their offices to provide better working environment for their employees.,From the prefix “re” you can figure out the meaning of “redesign”.,随 笔,to be continued,Word Stems (词干) and Affixes (词缀),Example,Practice,Sometimes you can figure out the meaning of an unknown word by basin
12、g on the general information of a sentence, or relying on common sense or your own experiences.,It took a whole day for them to extricate the little girl from the bottom of the well.,When you see “from the bottom of the well”, general sense tells you the meaning of “extricate” is “free”.,随 笔,to be c
13、ontinued,General sense of a sentence (句义分析),Example,Practice,There are other ways to help you find out word meanings in context. Please try and use the skills in your reading.,随 笔,Practice,Directions: Now read the following sentences and try to figure out the meanings of the underlined words and exp
14、ressions. Use contextual clues, word-formation clues, your knowledge of subject and the world to decide which synonym(同义词) provided is the closest match. Do not count on the New Words because these words have been purposely chosen outside the list.,Practice,Introduction,随 笔,1. Many people find that
15、the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other. This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. A. the online method B. a place for online learning C.
16、a place to communicate with each others D. the experience of online learning,Introduction,随 笔,2. This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. A. hide B. prevent C. help D. advance,Introduction,随 笔,3. Remember that instructors cannot see thei
