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1、,What was Dtente?,The Cold War,For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation.,This icon indicates the slide contains activities created in Flash. These activities are not editable.,What we will learn today,What we will learn today: Learn what dtente was and how it worked Exami
2、ne the reasons why it suited both sides Discover the main events of dtente Analyse the relative success or failure of dtente.,Key terminology of dtente,Why were both Superpowers keen on dtente?,Dtente means a lessening of tensions. There are a number of reasons why both superpowers were keen on dten
3、te,Money,Nuclear war,Proliferation,Public opposition,China,Vietnam,How do you think each of these aspects were important?,The Cuban Missile Crisis had frightened both superpowers. They realised how close the world had come to nuclear war. Improved relations would reduce the chance of nuclear conflic
4、t and destruction of the world.,The Arms Race was incredibly expensive. Both countries, but especially the USSR, were keen to reduce spending.,Money,Proliferation,China,Nuclear war,Public opposition,Vietnam,As more and more people became aware of the terrible impact nuclear war would have, public op
5、position grew against nuclear weapons. Dtente could lead to a commitment to reduce weapons.,The superpowers were concerned about nuclear proliferation weapons and technologies spreading to other countries. This would increase the chance of nuclear conflict.,Money,Proliferation,China,Nuclear war,Publ
6、ic opposition,Vietnam,The USA was keen to withdraw from Vietnam, and dtente would allow for a change in relations. It would be a chance to negotiate a withdrawal.,China and the USSR fell out in 1960. The USA were keen for dtente to keep the USSR and China apart. The USSR was concerned about the USA
7、and China combining against them! Dtente meant friendly relations between the USSR and USA.,Money,Proliferation,China,Nuclear war,Public opposition,Vietnam,The missile race,Number of missiles,Think when the Cuban Missile Crisis was. What does this graph suggest about the impact of the crisis?,The re
8、ality of dtente,Dtente occurred because it was in the interests of both superpowers. It is possible to debate how great an impact it really had. Between 1968 and 1979, however, there were a series of events and agreements that did improve relations.,Click on the arrows to move through the timeline.,
9、SALT I treaty,SALT = Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, signed in 1972.,Why was reduction of arms sought? Nixon hoped that arms limitation talks would persuade the Soviets to stop supporting North Vietnam. In 1971 Brezhnev announced a Programme for Peace to improve relations between the Superpowers. N
10、ixon tried to improve USChinese relations. In 1972, the US government finally agreed to let China join the UN. This worried the Soviets, who thought the two countries might gang up on the USSR, so Brezhnev invited Nixon to Moscow to sign SALT I. SALT I only covered some types of nuclear weapons the
11、Arms Race could easily continue.,Think about the reasons for SALT what does this suggest about the entire dtente process?,Weapons increases after SALT I,Number of missiles,What does this graph tell you about the success of SALT I? Explain your answer.,SALT II treaty,From 1977, talks for a new SALT a
12、greement took place. The aim was to limit every type of rocket and warhead. It was meant to stay in force until 1985, and limited each superpower to 2,400 strategic nuclear weapon systems. The treaty was drawn up in 1979, but the USSR then invaded Afghanistan, so the USA refused to ratify the treaty
13、. Although it was never ratified, both sides pledged to follow its guidelines. However, it did not mention tactical (short-range) weapons or designate how many strategic warheads each side could deploy.,How should SALT 2 be assessed? Was it a total failure? Explain your viewpoint in a paragraph.,Int
14、ernational cooperation,Dtente saw increased cooperation on an international level:,International Geophysical Year, 195758,The Antarctic Treaty, 1959,The Outer Space Treaty, December 1966,Space Cooperation,Scientists from 67 nations cooperated on projects to discover more about the world.,Antarctica
15、could only be used for peaceful purposes, and that national claims should not interfere with scientific research.,Moon and all planets only to be used for peaceful purposes, and no country could lay claim to the Moon or any other celestial body. No weapons of mass destruction in space.,Superpower me
16、eting in space in 1975, Soviet space station construction included US modules launch of Mir (meaning peace) in 1986.,Cooperation,The problems with dtente,With discussions about disarmament and increased cooperation, it is important to understand that dtente stood for improved relations, not an end to the Cold War.,Despite the SALT I treaty (1972), the Arms Race continued. Both sides continued to develop weapons around the ag
