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1、名词和主谓一致考点归纳 一、 三个一致：1. 语法一致：主语单则谓语单， 主语复则谓语复。2. 意义一致 A） people，police，cattle，谓语用复数；B）family, group, team, class, government, audience, crowd，population等，表整体用单数， 强调个体用复数。3. 就近一致：由or, either.or. ; neither.nor.; not only.but also.; not.but.等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数与最近的主语一致。特别要注意疑问句中谓语动词的形式。如: Either you or he is
2、 to go there. Either he or I am to go there. Are either you or he to go there ? Neither is.二、 动词不定式短语、-ing形式短语或名词性从句做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Learning new words and useful expressions is very important for me.但what引导从句做主语时,在下列情况下,主句谓语动词多用复数形式:表语为复数名词时;what引导的从句是一个具有复数意义的并列结构时。如:What hed like is a digital w
3、atch. What we need are reference books. What I say and think is no business of yours. What he said and what he did were quite different.三、“分数/小数/ 百分数/ the rest / half + of + 名词”做主语时,谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词保持一致。如: Two-fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass. More than ten percent
4、of the workers are from Paris.但：Whats the population of China? / Five percent of the population are minorities.四、 and / both.and.连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。但主语后带有with, together with, except, but等词， 谓语动词与前面的主语一致。Xiao Li, together with his parents., is going to the station. 若 and连接的两部分指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时,谓语
5、动词则常用单数形式。如: Your colleague and former college friend is coming to our home tomorrow. (主语部分意为“你的同事,就是你那位大学时的朋友”,指同一人)Both rice and wheat are grown in our country. / Rice and fish is my favourite.The famous teacher and singer was my neighbor.Tom and Marys father is a / Toms and Marys fathers are五、在ea
6、ch.and each.,every.and every.,no . and no.,many a./more than a(an, one).等结构之后,谓语动词常用单数形式。如:Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who are to visit the museum is required to be at the bus station at 6:30. Many a child likes it.(=Many children like it.六、quantity 和amount 做主语时，谓语与该名词的单复数一致：La
7、rge quantities of water are wasted.A large quantity of books is sent to the remote area. 七、一些以-ics结尾的学科名词,如mathematics /politics / physics以及news/works(工厂)/means多用作单数名词,谓语动词一般使用单数形式。如: The paper works was built in 1990. Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is s
8、till not clear.八、一些“成双成套”的名词,如 trousers /pants /glasses /clothes /shoes /scissors/compasses(圆规) 等 用作主语时,谓语动词常用复数;若此类名词前有a (the/this) pair of /a suit of等量词修饰时,谓语动词则常用单数形式。如:My glasses are broken. I have to buy a new pair.The pair of shoes under the bed belongs to Tom.九、若主语是由“a kind of/a series of等+名词
9、”构成时,谓语动词通常用单数形式;但在“these/those kind/type of+复数名词”之后,谓语动词则常用复数形式。如:This kind of men is dangerous.These kinds of tests are good.十、某些不可数名词的复数形式表不同意义：Woods 树林 waters 水域 papers 文件，报纸 looks 外貌 greens 青菜 times 时代 drinks 饮料 customs 海关 works 著作 manners 礼貌 sands 沙滩 forces 军队 imports 进口货物 ashes 灰烬 spirits 心情，
10、情绪 losses 损失物 feelings 感情 pains 辛苦 returns 长寿 hairs 十一、下列不可数的物质名词可具体化为可数名词 Two drinks；a coffee；an ice / two ices；a large Coke；a chalk；a hair/ some grey hairs 十二、下列名词用作不可数名词 Advice baggage / luggage clothing equipment furniture Fun；luck；music；weather；homework；juice； meat；rice；soup；progress；production 产量，产品 permission；practice；behavior；honesty；traffic 十三、单数名词作定语 shoe shop / 但：women teachers
