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1、Chpater 4 Lexical Translation: Numerals and Units1. Numerals精确数词翻译1） Some English numbers 一些英语数字的翻译 English Words American Use British UseBillion 109 (十亿) 1012(万亿)Trillion 1012(万亿) 1018(百万兆)Quadrillion 1015(千万亿) 1024(万亿兆)Quintillion 1018 (1000的6次幂) 1030 (100万的5次幂)Foreign funds flowed into China in a
2、 spectacular way. The stock of foreign investment grew from under $5billion in 1989 to nearly $90billion by 1994.中国现有草地面积3.9亿公顷, 其中可利用面积3.2亿公顷, 居世界第三位.在1997年, 中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元, 仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%.by thousands数以千计 大量 by hundreds数以百计by (the) millions数以百万计 by halves不完全地thousands of数千,数以千计 hundreds of 数百 数以百
3、计hundreds of thousands几十万; 无数的thousands upon thousands成千上万millions upon millions of千百万 tens of, decades of数十个 dozens of 几打;几十个 scores of 许多billions of 几十亿 hundreds of millions亿万a thousand and one 无数的 a hundred and one许多ten to one 十之八九 nine cases out of ten十之八九nine tenths 十分之九;几乎全部 tens of thousands好
4、几万several millions of 数百万 fifty-fifty各半的;对半;平均by one hundred percent 百分之百地;全部a long hundred 一百多;一百二十 a few tens of十分之几有几成by twos and threes 三三两两in two twos 转眼;立即 at sixes and sevens乱七八糟one or two少许;几个 first of all首先second to none 首屈一指 last but one倒数第二a decade of 10个;一组 a score of 20个一组a dozen 12个;一打
5、 a long dozen 13个They packed the oranges in ten.Ten to one she has forgotten it.We do nothing by halves.Her name ranks last but one on the list.Lets go fifty-fifty on the dinner check.2）Translation of Approximate Numbers 约数的翻译1) More than, above, over, past, in excess of, or more, long, odd, etc. Ca
6、n be used to express Chinese 多于,多,超过,etc. Compare the versions in the following examples.100多公斤 1000多英里 3个多小时 1公里多 6万多 六万几千 八十几厘米 八百零几克 据说这个孩子的体重有100多磅.我花了两个多小时才完成家庭作业.这辆车已经跑了1000多英里.这所师范学校有3000多名学生.她80多了.2）Less than, under, below, off, or less, etc: Can be used to express Chinese 不到,少于,低于,etc. Look
7、 at the following examples.不到80美元 这只火鸡低于25美元她是不会卖的.那辆三轮车的售价还不到185法郎.他以低于价目表6美元的价格买下了那个咖啡壶.3) Or so, more or less, about, in the region of, approximately, some, around, etc. Can be used to express Chinese 大约,左右,上下 and others of the like.11点钟左右 约5万吨 近3个月 1000元左右 600公里左右 大约两周 这个学院订阅的杂志大约有250种.她的月薪在400美
8、元左右.我每天早上五点半左右起床.4) We can still use English whole numbers to express approximate Chinese conception.I have told you twenty times.A million thanks for your kindness.We have a hundred things to do.A wonder lasts but nine days.She has fifty things to tell you.If we want to express the Chinese meanings
9、 of 不多不少,刚好,整整, we can employ words such as flat, clear, sharp, cool, just, whole, exactly, with whole numbers together. He finished the 100-meter dash in 10 seconds flat.The chief physician treated cool 40 patients that day.3) Translation of English multiple 英语倍数的翻译 1) Some Sentence Constructions a
10、s to Increase 用于增长中常见句型的翻译“Multiple + asas” constructionThe grain output of this year is about three times as great as that of last year.Asia is four times as large as Europe.Were the earths mass twice as great as it is, it would attract an object twice as strongly as it does.Your room is three time
11、s as large as mine. “Multiple + comparative +than”constructionMt. Qomolangma is 8848 meters high, about two and half times higher than Mt. Fuji. Kuwait oil wells yield nearly 500 times more than U.S. wells.Iron is almost three times heavier than aluminum.Your room is four times larger than mine.The
12、irrigated area in this prefecture is four times bigger than in 1998.Some verbs + multipleVerbs like increase, rise, exceed, grow, raise, expand, go up, etc. are commonly used to express multiple with the meanings of “increase”.The number of the students enrolled in evening classes has increased more
13、 than twofold.The total volume of state purchase in the first quarter rose by 5.2 percent, compared with the same period of last year.The output of chemical fiber has been increased three times as against last year.During this period its territory increased ten-fold.“By a factor of +multiple” constr
14、uction This structure is copied with when we have to minus one from the number since the original is not included in Chinese language.In case of electronic scanning the beam width is broader by a factor of two.Today the speed of our car exceeds the ordinary speed by a factor of three.The population of this county has increased by a factor of five.Some words with multiple meaningSuch words with multiple meaning are double, treble, quadruple,
