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1、英语四级考试：翻译,备考攻略,一、评分原则及标准 1. 整体内容和语言均正确，得1分。 2. 结构正确，但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得0.5分。 3. 整体意思正确但语言有错误，得0.5分。 4. 整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分。 5. 大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。,1.标准：准确、通顺、完整。 2.方法：以直译为主适当意译。 3.步骤： 通读全句，准确理解。 分析成分，划分意群。 选择词义，贴切表达。 适当调整，书写译文。,例. Having spent some time in the city，he had no trouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路). 【句意】在
2、城市里待了一些时间后，他能毫不费力地找到去历史博物馆的路。 【解析】题干中已经给出have no trouble，说明考查的是have (no) trouble (in) doing sth这一词组的用法，因此可以断定，考点之一必然是答案需要使用动名词形式。“找到去的路”应该用find the way to。 【答案】finding the way to the history museum 【考查重点】动名词形式的使用，类似的用法还有：spend some time (in) doing sth，it is no use doing sth，be interested in doing st
3、h，warn sbagainst doing sth等等。核心词组的搭配(如：find the way to)的使用也要注意。,翻译真题评析与提高,1. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had_(很难跟上班上同学)in maths and English. (2009.6) 解题步骤 (一)理解：分析此句，所翻译的部分主要考查对习惯用法的掌握，而并不涉及句子时态问题。 (二)表达：划分成分，句子中逗号之前部分是时间状语从句，而主句又引导宾语从句，宾语从句中核心谓语动词是had，“很难跟上班上同学”作宾
4、语，“in maths and English”作补语。 (1) 切块对应翻译：“很难做某事”= have difficulty (in) doing sth.，“跟上”=keep up with，“班上同学”= his classmates。 (2) 重新组合：difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates. (三)校审：检查“很难做某事”、“跟上”用have difficulty (in) doing sth. 和keep up with来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。 正确答案 difficulty (in) keepin
5、g up with his classmates. 考点剖析习惯用法：have difficulty (in) doing sth. “很难做某事”;keep up with“跟上”,如何在冲刺阶段复习翻译题型呢？,立足真题， 挖掘考点， 积极记忆， 胸有成竹！,新四级中翻译考什么？核心考点是什么？,1. 固定搭配考点 By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 【考点剖析】1)be likely to do sth ; 2) owe.to /attribute.to (把.归因于),
6、比较结构,I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _.(它更加方便和省时)（2007，12） it is more convenient and time-saving,1) Since my childhood I have found that_(06,6) (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力) nothing is more attractive to me than reading. nothing appeals to me more than reading.,2) the mor
7、e, the more The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂) the more confused I am/become/get the less I understand 3)A is 倍数+the size/length/width of B A is倍数 as +原级+as B A is倍数 more than B On average, it is said, visitors spend only （一半的钱）in a day in Leeds as in London. half as much money,._,(与我成长的地方相比)，this town i
8、s more prosperous and exciting.(08,6) Compared with the place where I grew up In comparison with the place where I was brought up,2. 核心语法考点,虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、非谓语动词等。 例1：The professor required that _(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday . 【考点剖析】require that +sb+should+动词原形,虚拟语气,1. If she had returned an hour earlie
9、r , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了). (09,6) wouldnt have been caught in the heavy rain. 2. The victim_ (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. would have a chance to survive. of survival.,3.But for you, _.(我就迷路了） I would have lost my way. (without, but for, in the absence of , were it not for) 4. Youd
10、 better take a sweater with you_ (以防天气变冷)(08,12) lest /in case it (should) get cold (lest, in case, for fear that),5. It is essential that _ (把这些申请表尽早寄出） these application forms be sent as early as possible. （It is +adj.+that) advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fundamental, imperative, im
11、portant, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, a shame),例2：Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either (大纲样题) 【考点剖析】倒装 句首的Not only did he overcharge me,_(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (08.6) Not until he had accomplished/ completed/ finished/ fulfilled his mission.
12、,3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查,例1：Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis . 【考点剖析】“解雇“ dismiss, discharge, fire,在明确了新四级翻译的核心考点之后，如何应对？,冲刺备考建议,在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，以便扩展思维，开阔思路，掌握重点核心表达。 绝对不能忽视以前词汇语法的单项选择题，尽量在以前的词汇题中挖掘新四级翻译考点 多背搭配，同时利用经典搭配多造句子，完善语法结构。同时可以提高自己的写作水平，一举两得。 强化重点语法知
13、识。如倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。 深度分析已考翻译试题，全面掌握挖掘潜在考点，学会举一反三。,1. 在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，以便扩展思维，开阔思路，掌握重点核心表达。 例：(为了挣钱供我上学)_, mother often takes on more work than is good for her health. To earn money for my education; To earn money for my schooling ; In order to make money to finance my education
14、; In order to make money to fund my education ; In order to earn money to afford my education,2. 绝对不能忽视以前词汇语法的单项选择题，尽量在以前的词汇题中挖掘新四级翻译考点 例：The author was required to submit an abstract of about 200 words together with his research paper.,He gave a pledge to handle the affairs in a friendly manner . 【
15、考点探究】 give a pledge to do sth (承诺做某事)； handle in .manner(以.方式),You will not be particular about your food in time of great hunger 【考点探究】 be particular about your food(对食物挑剔) be selective about your food,1虚拟语气 历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下： (1)(should)+动词原形的情形; (2)if或but for等引导的条件句; (3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that的用法。,加强语法：真题中出现的主要句型,【真题】You would not have failed if_(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12) 【答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders 【解析】本题考点有两个：首先最重要的考点是if从
