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1、非谓语动词,马新林,非谓语动词,非谓语动词,非谓语动词：也就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。,动词不定式,V_ing,过去分词,动词原形,包括,一.动词不定式,2、动词不定式的常见用法,A、不定式作 主语,当不定式作主语时，习惯上用作it形式主语，而将动词不定式后置，构成固定句型。 Its +adj +to do sth.,（1）To learn English well is not easy. （2）To protect our environment is very important,（1）Its not easy to learn English well. （2）Its
2、 important to protect our environment.,动词不定式,作宾语,动词 + to do,动词+疑问词 + to do,动词 + it(形式宾语）+宾补 +to do,常见动词有 agree, decide, fail, hope, wish, want, plan, would like, need 等,I dont know what to do .,I find it important to learn English.,返回主页,语法： 动词不定式在句子中的作用,作主语：,e.g.To say is one thing;to do is another.
3、,Its important to do it right away.,作表语：,e.g. What you should is to leave here at once.,The problem is how to do it.,作宾语：,e.g. I want to buy something for him .,I dont know what to do next.,作宾语补足语：,e.g.He asked me to wait for him for a while.,My father lets me go out alone at night.,不带to的不定式作宾补！,作定语
4、（位于名词或代词之后）：,e.g. Do you have anything to say?,Have you got the permission to use the computer ?,作状语（目的、结果、原因等）：,e.g.We eat to live; we dont live to eat.,目的,e.g.We went to see him only to find him out.,结果状语,e.g.We are glad to see you.,原因状语,在tooto do ;adj./adv.+enough to do结构中作结果状语；在in order to ;so a
5、s to 结构中作目的状语；在be + adj. +to do 中作原因或方式状语。,e.g. He is old enough to go to school.,He got up early so as to catch the bus.,Im sorry to hear that.,C、不定式作宾语补足语,常见动词：,请、叫ask,告诉tell,想要want,邀请invite,允许allow,喜欢like,警告warn,鼓励encourage,教teach,想要would like,（1）My mother always likes me to get up early. （2）Lucy
6、 often teaches me to learn English.,One day my mother allowed me to go to the park, but she warned me not to come back late.My father liked me to go with Lucy,because he wanted me to learn English from Lucy. I invited her to go with me . Lucy taught me to study English and encouraged me to speak mor
7、e English . Sometimes she asked me to teach her Chinese.I would like her to stay with me very much, so I told her to wait for me outside the school gate every Saturday.,D、不定式作定语,熟记下列短语,something to eat,something to drink,anything else to say,much work to do,something nice to eat,1.I have a lot of ho
8、mework to do.,2.Do you have anything to say?,lots of housework to do,3. My father has something important to tell me.,4. Would you like something to drink?,E、不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，作宾语,1. I dont know where to go . 2. He didnt know what to do . 3.Can you tell me how to get there ? 4. I cant decide which t
9、o choose.,“疑问词 + 不定式” 结构可以转换为从句形式,（1）I dont know where I will go. （2）He didnt know what he would do. （3）Can you tell me how I can get there. （4）I cant decide which I will choose.,F、常见固定搭配,1.too to do (1)The desk is too heavy to carry . (2)The boy is too young to go to school .,2.be + adj + enough to
10、 do (1)The girl is old enough to go to school. (2)The ice is thick enough to skate on . (3)The room is big enough for 10 people to live in .,3.Its time to do sth 或Its time for sb to do sth . (1)Its time to have a rest. (2)Its time for us to play football .,4.It takes sb some time to do sth . It take
11、s me three days to finish the job .,5.be + adj （glad . sorry .sure . happy . afraid等表情感 的形容词后）+ to do sth . (1) Im sorry to trouble you . (2) Im afraid to face my mother .,4、词组搭配中ing的形式,家常做法 home cooking,候诊室 waiting room,起居室 sitting room,切割机 cutting machine,起跑线 starting line,终点线 finishing line,购物单 s
12、hopping list,购物中心 shopping centre,购物篮 shopping basket,阅览室 reading room,只有立足之地 standing room only,禁止吸烟 No smoking,禁止停车 No parking,游泳课 swimming lesson,餐厅 dining room,植树节 Tree Planting Day,毛笔 writing brush,go swimming（hiking , fishing, skating , shopping）,潜水 scuba diving,do some （cooking, reading, wash
13、ing, cleaning, shopping）,三、动词原形,1、使役动词：let . make .have,2.常见句型：,（1）Why not +动词原形 （2）Why dont you+动词原形 （3）Youd better +动词原形 （4）Youd better not +动词原形 （5 ) Will you please +动词原形 （6）Will you please not +动词原形,1.Lets begin our class. 2.Dont make the baby cry. 3.He always have me do much housework.,四、过去分词,
14、1.have sth done 让别人做某事，表示动作由别人来完成 （1） I will have my hair cut. （2） I had my bad tooth pulled out.,2、常见短语： A boy called Jim a man named John get lost get dressed given name man-made satellite a worried mother a broken glass,五、感观动词,2.感观动词,+ing形式,+动词原形,表示动作正在进行,表示动作的全过程,1.常见感观动词: see , watch, hear, fee
15、l , found,taste,（1)He saw a purse lying on the ground on her way home. （2）I saw him go into the classroom just now.,六、下列动词既可接不定式又可接ing形式，但意义有区别。,1.stop,to do sth 表示停止原来的事开始干另一件事,doing 表示停止正在做的事,3. forget remember,to do sth,doing sth,2.go on,to do sth,doing sth,（1）The baby is sleeping , please dont s
16、top singing. （2）After a long walk , he stopped to have a rest.,（1）He went on working all day. （2）After he finished his homework , he went on to review his lessons.,（1）Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the office. （2）I remembered meeting the teacher before, he worked in the lab.,不带to的不定式,feel， hear， see, watch, listen to , look at, observe, notice * I sawwatched him drive off * I heard him lock the door
