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1、Unit 5,Grammar,Attributive clause,有关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句，叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，从句跟在先行词后面。 定语从句的构成方法是：关系代词或副词+陈述句语序，关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系代词有双重功能，一方面代表前面所修饰的先行词，把从句与先行词连接起来；另一方面引导出从句并在从句中充当某种句子成分。 The number of people who/that lost homes reache
2、d as many as 250,000. It sounded like a train which/that was going under my house.,定语从句,关系代词之物时只用which不用that的情况,（1）关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时只用which，但当介词在从句句尾时，两者皆可。 This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. = This is the question which / that weve had so much discussion about.,(
3、2) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能用that。 This is the book which/that Im looking for. They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.,当关系代词作look after, look for等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时，介词不可以提前。,(1) 关系副词where之地点，在从句中作地点状语。 This is the house where he lived. (2) 关系副词when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。 Ill never
4、 forget the days when we played together. (3) 关系副词why指原因，在从句中作原因状语。 He explained the reason why he was late.,关系副词有时可用介词+which来代替。如上句中where=in which; when=on which; why=for which。,关系副词的用法,Rewrite the sentence using the attributive clause:,I remember the day. “The Beatles” played their first hit on th
5、at day. 2. The guitar was lost while he was touring. George gave many performances with it. 3. The musicians were very popular. They worked with the musicians.,I remember the day when “The Beatles” played their first hit.,The guitar with which George gave many performances was lost while he was tour
6、ing.,The musicians with whom they worked were very popular.,定语从句解题步骤： 第一,找出先行词； 第二,看先行词在子句中的成分 (做主语、宾语还是状语 ?） 第三,选择合适的关系词,（二）关系副词引导的定语从句： 1) When（表示时间，在从句中作状语）：,Ill never forget the day. I saw Chairman Mao on that day.,Ill never forget the day when I saw Chairman Mao. 我永远不会忘记我见到毛主席的那一天。,2) Where (表示
7、地点，在从句中作状语): This is the room. Comrade Li lives in this room.,This is the room where comrade Li lives. 这是李同志住的房间。,3）Why (表示原因，在从句中作状语) Do you know the reason? He was late for this reason.,Do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他迟到的原因吗？,先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有两种位置一是紧跟在先行词后；二是位于句尾或动词后。,Prep.+,whom,which,
8、7.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,This is the house. A famous writer once lived in it.,This is the house in which a famous writer once lived.,where,I will never forget the day.,I joined the League on the day.,I will never forget the day on which I joined the League.,when,The lady lost her purse.,Mr Smith is talking
9、to her.,The lady to whom Mr Smith is talking lost her purse.,The house is going to be rebuilt.,We put our tools in it.,The house where we put our tools is going to be rebuilt.,=The house in which we put our tools is going to be rebuilt.,=The house (that) we put our tools in is going to be rebuilt.,T
10、he lady (that )Mr Smith is talking to lost her purse.,*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语，介词不可前置。,Bob found the dictionary.,I had been looking for it.,Bob found the dictionary (that) I had been looking for.,I was born in the year.,The Second World War broke out in the year.,I was born in the year when the Second
11、 World War broke out.,.,定语从句专项练习,概念: 1.在句子中修饰名词或代词, 定语从句在句中充当定语. 2.定语从句必须有先行词,并尽量靠近先行词. 3.在定语从句中,关系词在从句中充当成分. 关系代词与关系副词 关系代词:指人:who(主格),whom(宾格), whose (所有格) 指物: which (主格,宾格), whose (所有格) 指人或物: that 关系副词: when, where, why,1.This is all_ I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2.Is th
12、ere anything else_ you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it,A,B,B,4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 5.There is no dictionary_ you can find everythi
13、ng. A.that B.which C.where D.in that 6.This is one of the best books_. A.that have ever been written B.that has ever been written C.that has written D.that have written,B,A,A,7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything_ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen th
14、e only gas_helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 9.Is there anything_to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong 10.The scientist and his achievements_you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose 11.Which of the books_were borrowed from him is
15、the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose,B,A,B,B,C,结论:先行词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语时,通常 关系代词that 1)先行词是all,no none,everyone, something,much, little等 2)先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级,the last,the same,the only等. 3)如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时. 4)若主句中有疑问代词who,which 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who,which.,1.Do you know who lives in the building_th
16、ere is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.Ill never forget the day_I joined the League. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.to who D whom 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to th
